The cell cycle regulator cyclin D1 (CCND1) is thought to play a major role in the transition of the cell cycle from G(1) to S-phase. It is known that cancer cells have unbalanced cell cycle regulation. This study aimed to investigate the association of CCND1 single nucleotide polymorphisms A870G (rs9344) and C1722G (rs678653) with oral cancer risk and examine the interaction between CCND1 and smoking habit.
Materials and methods: In this hospital-based case-control study, the CCND1 polymorphisms were investigated in 620 patients and 620 age- and gender-matched controls.
Results: Significant differences were shown between the oral cancer and control groups in the distribution of the genotypes (p=0.0014) and allelic frequency (p=0.0027) in the CCND1 rs9344 genotype. Individuals who carried at least one G allele (GG or AG) had a 0.64-fold decreased risk of developing oral cancer compared to those who carried the AA wild-type genotype (95% CI: 0.50-0.81). There was an obvious joint effect of CCND1 rs9344 genotype with smoking habit on oral cancer.
Conclusion: Cell cycle regulation may play a role in oral carcinogenesis and CCND1 rs9344 polymorphism maybe a useful biomarker for oral oncology.