Recent data indicate that transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels play an important role in hypertension. Now, we tested the hypothesis that TRP expression is altered in human cerebral vascular tissue in patients who had experienced hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC5, TRPC6, TRPM4, TRPM6, and TRPM7 channels were detected in cerebral vascular tissue by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Control cerebral vascular tissue was obtained from normotensive patients who underwent neurosurgical operation because of brain tumor. To examine a possible relation between the expression of TRP expression and hypoxic conditions caused by the intracerebral bleeding, we examined the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1a (HIF1a). Transcripts of TRPC3, TRPC5, TRPM6, and HIF1a were significantly reduced in cerebral vascular tissue from patients after hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage compared to controls. TRPC3 mRNA correlated well with the expression of HIF1a mRNA (r(2) = 0.59; p = 0.01). TRPC3 expression is associated with hypertension and hypoxic conditions in human cerebral vascular tissue.