Investigation of polymorphic variants of PPARD and APOE genes in Turkish coronary heart disease patients

DNA Cell Biol. 2012 May;31(5):867-75. doi: 10.1089/dna.2011.1464. Epub 2012 Jan 25.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the role of polymorphic variants of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) genes in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD), and the PPARD and APOE gene-gene interaction in a Turkish population. This study was carried out using a sample of 223 patients with CHD (103 with diabetes and 120 without diabetes) and 101 controls. PPARD +294T/C and APOE genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. The PPARD and APOE genotype distributions were the same between study groups (p>0.05). In the nondiabetic CHD patients, the PPARD +294 C allele showed higher serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level than the common +294 TT homozygote genotype (3.83 ± 1.01 vs. 3.33 ± 1.14, p=0.015). In addition, a significant association between APOE 4 and PPARD +294 C alleles was detected based on their effects on LDL-C in the nondiabetic CHD patients (+294 C/APOE4: 4.43 ± 0.88 vs. +294 TT/nonAPOE 4: 3.48 ± 1.09, p = 0.009). This association indicated the interaction of two genes on plasma LDL-C levels ascended in the order +294 T<+294 T-APOE 4<+294 C<APOE 4<+294 C-APOE 4. The PPARD +294 C allele was associated with higher incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in all male patients with body mass index >27. In addition, the CHD patients who were +294 C allele carriers had a 2.48-fold higher risk of LVH than subjects homozygous for the T allele. An increasing effect of the PPARD +294 C allele was shown on serum LDL-C levels in nondiabetic CHD patients. In addition, the results suggested that the +294 C allele might be associated with an increased LVH risk especially in male CHD patients. Furthermore, gene-gene interaction between the PPARD +294T/C and the APOE polymorphisms was observed regarding LDL-C concentrations.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apolipoproteins E / genetics*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Coronary Disease / genetics*
  • Coronary Disease / pathology
  • DNA / genetics
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genotype
  • Heart / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • PPAR delta / genetics*
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics*
  • Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
  • Prognosis
  • Risk Factors
  • Turkey

Substances

  • Apolipoproteins E
  • PPAR delta
  • DNA