Mazabraud syndrome is defined by an association between fibrous dysplasia and intramuscular myxomas, and is thought to fall within the spectrum of protean disorders of syndromic fibrous dysplasia that includes McCune-Albright syndrome. In this article, we briefly discuss the history and evolution of the term Mazabraud syndrome, then detail the spectrum of imaging findings as they relate to the variable pathology and clinical presentations that may be encountered. Differential diagnostic considerations and potential diagnostic pitfalls are also considered.