DNA-break repair, radioresistance of DNA synthesis, and camptothecin sensitivity in the radiation-sensitive irs mutants: comparisons to ataxia-telangiectasia cells

Mutat Res. 1990 Mar;235(2):49-58. doi: 10.1016/0921-8777(90)90057-c.

Abstract

Induction and rejoining of DNA single-strand breaks (ssb) and double-strand breaks (dsb) after gamma-irradiation were measured, respectively, by alkaline and neutral sucrose gradient sedimentation methods. The radiosensitive mutants irs1, irs2, and irs3 showed no significant difference from wild-type V79 hamster cells in ability to rejoin either ssb or dsb, while the previously-described xrs-1 mutant showed the expected defect in rejoining dsb. The resistance of DNA synthesis to gamma-irradiation was measured in the 3 irs mutants and, for comparative purposes, in transformed human cell lines from normal and ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) individuals. The irs2 mutant was found to be very similar in response to the A-T lines, showing a marked decrease in inhibition of DNA synthesis, compared to V79 cells, in both time-course and dose-response experiments. However, irs1 also had some decrease in inhibition at the higher doses used, while irs3 was similar to the wild-type V79 cells. Both irs1 and irs2 were found to be considerably more sensitive to the DNA topoisomerase I-inhibitor camptothecin, while irs3 was only slightly more sensitive than the parent V79 line. These data place the irs mutants in a similar category of radiosensitive phenotype to A-T cells, but we view this as only the beginning of a useful classification of this type of mutant. The irs2 mutant has the strongest links to A-T cells, through its sensitivity profile to DNA-damaging agents and radioresistant DNA synthesis, but irs1 in particular has other similarities to A-T.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Ataxia Telangiectasia / genetics*
  • Camptothecin / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Line, Transformed
  • Cricetinae
  • Cricetulus
  • DNA / drug effects
  • DNA / radiation effects
  • DNA Repair* / drug effects
  • DNA Replication / radiation effects*
  • Humans
  • Mutation*
  • Radiation Tolerance / genetics*

Substances

  • DNA
  • Camptothecin