Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. It has been cloned from several species: Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Homo Sapiens and Gallus gallus, but not from Anser anser. This study was conducted to isolate the SCD1 cDNA sequence and investigate the effect of overfeeding on SCD1 gene tissue expression in Landes goose. The complete cDNA is 3294 bp in length, with an ORF of 1.083 bp encoding a predicted polypeptide of 360 amino acids and 5'/3'-UTR of 74 and 2137 bp, respectively. Quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) was used to examine SCD1 expression in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, gizzard, glandular stomach, intestine, crureus, pectoral muscle, hypothalamus and adipose tissue (abdominal fat) in both the overfed and control group. SCD1 mRNA was highly expressed in goose fatty liver, and the expression levels of SCD1 in liver and fat of overfeeding group were more than double that of the control group. During the overfeeding period, SCD1 expression in liver and adipose tissue reached the highest level after 70 days, but declined at 79 days. In the control group, after fasting 24h, the expression level of SCD1 gene in tissues declined sharply. However, SCD1 gene expression in hypothalamus was unaffected. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis to study the relationship between SCD1 gene expression and the formation of fatty liver of Landes goose in response to overfeeding.
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