Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary cerebrovascular disease characterised by migraine attacks, recurrent subcortical transient ischemic attacks or strokes, cognitive decline, and dementia. It is caused by mutations in the Notch3 gene on chromosome 19p13.1, which is the only gene currently known to be closely associated with CADASIL. We describe a novel 100 base pair base fragment deletion mutation (ENST 00000263388, c.512-611del) in the Notch3 gene from a Chinese patient with CADASIL. The present patient has the characteristic clinical and family history for CADASIL, which suggests that C.512del611 may be a cause of CADASIL as well as most of the previously reported Notch3 mutations.
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