Germinal centre protein HGAL promotes lymphoid hyperplasia and amyloidosis via BCR-mediated Syk activation

Nat Commun. 2013:4:1338. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2334.

Abstract

The human germinal centre-associated lymphoma gene is specifically expressed in germinal centre B-lymphocytes and germinal centre-derived B-cell lymphomas, but its function is largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that human germinal centre-associated lymphoma directly binds to Syk in B cells, increases its kinase activity on B-cell receptor stimulation and leads to enhanced activation of Syk downstream effectors. To further investigate these findings in vivo, human germinal centre-associated lymphoma transgenic mice were generated. Starting from 12 months of age these mice developed polyclonal B-cell lymphoid hyperplasia, hypergammaglobulinemia and systemic reactive amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis, leading to shortened survival. The lymphoid hyperplasia in the human germinal centre-associated lymphoma transgenic mice are likely attributable to enhanced B-cell receptor signalling as shown by increased Syk phosphorylation, ex vivo B-cell proliferation and increased RhoA activation. Overall, our study shows for the first time that the germinal centre protein human germinal centre-associated lymphoma regulates B-cell receptor signalling in B-lymphocytes which, without appropriate control, may lead to B-cell lymphoproliferation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Amyloidosis / complications
  • Amyloidosis / pathology*
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Ly / metabolism
  • Cell Extracts
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Germinal Center / metabolism*
  • Germinal Center / pathology
  • Humans
  • Hypergammaglobulinemia / pathology
  • Hyperplasia
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism*
  • Intracellular Space / metabolism
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / complications
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / enzymology*
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology*
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Microfilament Proteins
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism*
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / metabolism*
  • Serum Amyloid A Protein / chemistry
  • Serum Amyloid A Protein / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Spleen / metabolism
  • Spleen / pathology
  • Syk Kinase
  • Transcriptome / genetics
  • rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Antigens, Ly
  • Cell Extracts
  • GCSAM protein, human
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Ly6a protein, mouse
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Microfilament Proteins
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
  • Saa2 protein, mouse
  • Serum Amyloid A Protein
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • SYK protein, human
  • Syk Kinase
  • Syk protein, mouse
  • rhoA GTP-Binding Protein