Predictive genetic testing of at-risk relatives requires analysis of all CCM genes after identification of an unclassified CCM1 variant in an individual affected with cerebral cavernous malformations

Neurosurg Rev. 2014 Jan;37(1):161-5. doi: 10.1007/s10143-013-0478-6. Epub 2013 May 31.

Abstract

The mutation detection rate for familial cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) is extremely high, being about 90 % if direct sequencing of the three genes, CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3, is used in conjunction with quantitative analyses to detect larger CCM1-3 deletions/duplications. We here report on an individual who had presented with more than 30 cerebral and spinal cavernous malformations, two intracranial meningiomas, and disease manifestation only in the mid-forties. A CCM1 missense variant of unclear relevance was found during the first sequencing step. Thereafter, direct sequencing of all three CCM genes revealed the typical pathogenic loss-of-function mutation c.598C > T/p.Q200* in the CCM3 gene. Our results demonstrate that mutation analyses of all three CCM genes in the index patient regardless of previous identification of an unclassified CCM1 variant is crucial for reliable predictive testing of at-risk relatives.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Female
  • Genetic Testing
  • Genetic Variation
  • Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / diagnosis
  • Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / genetics*
  • Humans
  • KRIT1 Protein
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins / genetics*
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics*
  • Risk Assessment

Substances

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • CCM2 protein, human
  • Carrier Proteins
  • KRIT1 Protein
  • KRIT1 protein, human
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • PDCD10 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins