Adenovirus vector-mediated Gli1 siRNA induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer with Smo-dependent or Smo-independent Hh pathway activation in vitro and in vivo

Cancer Lett. 2013 Oct 10;339(2):185-94. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.06.010. Epub 2013 Jun 18.

Abstract

Activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is a core molecular mechanism in pancreatic carcinogenesis. However, the inhibition of upstream Hh signals does not inhibit the growth of a subset of pancreatic cancer (PC). This study was to examine the effect of siRNA targeting Gli1, the downstream component of Hh pathway, on PC cells and to provide some insight into the underlying mechanisms. A Gli1siRNA-expressing adenovirus (Ad-U6-Gli1siRNA) was constructed, and its effect on PC cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Gli1 was expressed in 83.3% (20/24) PC tissues, whereas no expression was found in normal pancreatic ductal epithelium. Gli1 was expressed in SW1990 and CFPAC cells in which Smo was completely absent, as well as in PaTu8988, Panc-1 and BxPC-3 cells in which Smo was concomitantly present. Ad-U6-Gli1siRNA induced cell growth inhibition, strong G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in all five human PC cell lines. Meanwhile, Ad-U6-Gli1siRNA significantly suppressed the expression of Gli1, Ptch1 and two target genes, Cyclin D2 and Bcl-2, in all five lines. Furthermore, two tumor xenograft nude mice models were established by subcutaneously injecting Smo-positive Panc-1 cells or Smo-negative SW1990 cells. The in vivo experimental results demonstrated that Ad-U6-Gli1siRNA inhibited the growth of both Panc1-derived and SW1990-derived tumors and induced cell apoptosis. Our study indicates that Gli1-targeting siRNA could induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in PC through knockdown of Gli1 and its target genes; and this method may represent a more effective therapeutic strategy for PC with Smo-dependent or Smo-independent Hh pathway activation.

Keywords: Adenovirus vector; Gli1; Hedgehog signaling; Pancreatic cancer; siRNA.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenoviridae / genetics
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / genetics*
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints / genetics
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cyclin D2 / genetics
  • Cyclin D2 / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Gene Expression
  • Genetic Vectors / genetics
  • Hedgehog Proteins / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Oncogene Proteins / genetics*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Patched Receptors
  • Patched-1 Receptor
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics*
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / genetics
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction*
  • Smoothened Receptor
  • Trans-Activators / genetics*
  • Tumor Burden / genetics
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
  • Zinc Finger Protein GLI1

Substances

  • Cyclin D2
  • Hedgehog Proteins
  • Oncogene Proteins
  • PTCH1 protein, human
  • Patched Receptors
  • Patched-1 Receptor
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Ptch1 protein, mouse
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • SMO protein, human
  • Smoothened Receptor
  • Trans-Activators
  • Zinc Finger Protein GLI1