FXTAS in an unmethylated mosaic male with fragile X syndrome from Chile

Clin Genet. 2014 Oct;86(4):378-82. doi: 10.1111/cge.12278. Epub 2013 Oct 13.

Abstract

Carriers of an FMR1 premutation allele (55-200 CGG repeats) often develop the neurodegenerative disorders, fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). Neurological signs of FXTAS, parkinsonism and rapid onset of cognitive decline have not been reported in individuals with an unmethylated full mutation (FM). Here, we report a Chilean family affected with FXS, inherited from a parent carrier of an FMR1 unmethylated full mosaic allele, who presented with a fast progressing FXTAS. This case suggests that the definition of FXTAS may need to be broadened to not only include those with a premutation but also those with an expanded allele in FM range with a lack of methylation leading to elevated FMR1-mRNA expression levels and subsequent RNA toxicity.

Keywords: FXTAS; fragile X; parkinsonism; unmethylated full mutation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Ataxia / complications
  • Ataxia / genetics*
  • Ataxia / pathology
  • Chile
  • DNA Methylation / genetics*
  • Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein / genetics*
  • Fragile X Syndrome / complications
  • Fragile X Syndrome / genetics*
  • Fragile X Syndrome / pathology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mosaicism
  • Tremor / complications
  • Tremor / genetics*
  • Tremor / pathology

Substances

  • FMR1 protein, human
  • Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein

Supplementary concepts

  • Fragile X Tremor Ataxia Syndrome