SNAIL and miR-34a feed-forward regulation of ZNF281/ZBP99 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition

EMBO J. 2013 Nov 27;32(23):3079-95. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2013.236. Epub 2013 Nov 1.

Abstract

Here, we show that expression of ZNF281/ZBP-99 is controlled by SNAIL and miR-34a/b/c in a coherent feed-forward loop: the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducing factor SNAIL directly induces ZNF281 transcription and represses miR-34a/b/c, thereby alleviating ZNF281 mRNA from direct down-regulation by miR-34. Furthermore, p53 activation resulted in a miR-34a-dependent repression of ZNF281. Ectopic ZNF281 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells induced EMT by directly activating SNAIL, and was associated with increased migration/invasion and enhanced β-catenin activity. Furthermore, ZNF281 induced the stemness markers LGR5 and CD133, and increased sphere formation. Conversely, experimental down-regulation of ZNF281 resulted in mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) and inhibition of migration/invasion, sphere formation and lung metastases in mice. Ectopic c-MYC induced ZNF281 protein expression in a SNAIL-dependent manner. Experimental inactivation of ZNF281 prevented EMT induced by c-MYC or SNAIL. In primary CRC samples, expression of ZNF281 increased during tumour progression and correlated with recurrence. Taken together, these results identify ZNF281 as a component of EMT-regulating networks, which contribute to metastasis formation in CRC.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Breast Neoplasms / genetics
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cell Movement
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition*
  • Female
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms / secondary
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred NOD
  • Mice, SCID
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Repressor Proteins
  • Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
  • Snail Family Transcription Factors
  • Spheroids, Cellular / metabolism
  • Spheroids, Cellular / pathology
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism*
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Wound Healing

Substances

  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • MIRN34 microRNA, human
  • MicroRNAs
  • Repressor Proteins
  • Snail Family Transcription Factors
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Trans-Activators
  • Transcription Factors
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • ZNF148 protein, human
  • ZNF281 protein, human