The tertiary origin of the allosteric activation of E. coli glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase studied by sol-gel nanoencapsulation of its T conformer

PLoS One. 2014 May 2;9(5):e96536. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096536. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

The role of tertiary conformational changes associated to ligand binding was explored using the allosteric enzyme glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P) deaminase from Escherichia coli (EcGNPDA) as an experimental model. This is an enzyme of amino sugar catabolism that deaminates GlcN6P, giving fructose 6-phosphate and ammonia, and is allosterically activated by N-acetylglucosamine 6-phosphate (GlcNAc6P). We resorted to the nanoencapsulation of this enzyme in wet silica sol-gels for studying the role of intrasubunit local mobility in its allosteric activation under the suppression of quaternary transition. The gel-trapped enzyme lost its characteristic homotropic cooperativity while keeping its catalytic properties and the allosteric activation by GlcNAc6P. The nanoencapsulation keeps the enzyme in the T quaternary conformation, making possible the study of its allosteric activation under a condition that is not possible to attain in a soluble phase. The involved local transition was slowed down by nanoencapsulation, thus easing the fluorometric analysis of its relaxation kinetics, which revealed an induced-fit mechanism. The absence of cooperativity produced allosterically activated transitory states displaying velocity against substrate concentration curves with apparent negative cooperativity, due to the simultaneous presence of subunits with different substrate affinities. Reaction kinetics experiments performed at different tertiary conformational relaxation times also reveal the sequential nature of the allosteric activation. We assumed as a minimal model the existence of two tertiary states, t and r, of low and high affinity, respectively, for the substrate and the activator. By fitting the velocity-substrate curves as a linear combination of two hyperbolic functions with Kt and Kr as KM values, we obtained comparable values to those reported for the quaternary conformers in solution fitted to MWC model. These results are discussed in the background of the known crystallographic structures of T and R EcGNPDA conformers. These results are consistent with the postulates of the Tertiary Two-States (TTS) model.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aldose-Ketose Isomerases / chemistry*
  • Aldose-Ketose Isomerases / genetics
  • Aldose-Ketose Isomerases / metabolism
  • Algorithms
  • Allosteric Regulation
  • Allosteric Site
  • Binding Sites
  • Biocatalysis
  • Circular Dichroism
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / chemistry*
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / genetics
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / metabolism
  • Fructosephosphates / metabolism
  • Gels / chemistry
  • Glucosamine / analogs & derivatives
  • Glucosamine / metabolism
  • Glucose-6-Phosphate / analogs & derivatives
  • Glucose-6-Phosphate / metabolism
  • Kinetics
  • Models, Chemical
  • Models, Molecular
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Protein Conformation*
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary*
  • Protein Subunits / chemistry
  • Protein Subunits / genetics
  • Protein Subunits / metabolism
  • Silicon Dioxide / chemistry
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Substances

  • Escherichia coli Proteins
  • Fructosephosphates
  • Gels
  • Protein Subunits
  • glucosamine 6-phosphate
  • Glucose-6-Phosphate
  • fructose-6-phosphate
  • Silicon Dioxide
  • glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase
  • Aldose-Ketose Isomerases
  • Glucosamine

Grants and funding

Funding for this research was provided by CONACyT, Mexico (grants 99857-Q and 116074) and financial support from the program PAPIIT-UNAM (grants IN206009 and IN213312). SZ also acknowledges a doctoral fellowship from CONACyT and RJVN a student fellowship from SNI-CONACyT. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.