Alternative splicing of FBP-interacting repressor coordinates c-Myc, P27Kip1/cyclinE and Ku86/XRCC5 expression as a molecular sensor for bleomycin-induced DNA damage pathway

Oncotarget. 2014 May 15;5(9):2404-17. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.1650.

Abstract

The far-upstream element-binding protein-interacting repressor (FIR) is a c-myc transcriptional suppressor. FIR is alternatively spliced to lack the transcriptional repression domain within exon 2 (FIRΔexon2) in colorectal cancers. FIR and FIRΔexon2 form homo- or heterodimers that complex with SAP155. SAP155, a subunit of the essential splicing factor 3b subcomplex in the spliceosome, is required for proper P27Kip1 pre-mRNA splicing, and P27Kip1 arrests cells at G1. In contrast, FIR was co-immunoprecipitated with Ku86 and DNA-PKcs. siRNA against Ku86/Ku70 decreased FIR and P27Kip1 expression, whereas siRNA against FIR decreased Ku86/XRCC5 and P27Kip1 expression. Thus the mechanical interaction of FIR/FIRΔexon2/SAP155 bridges c-myc and P27Kip1 expression, potentially integrates cell-cycle progression and c-myc transcription in cell. Bleomycin(BLM) is an anticancer agent that introduces DNA breaks. Because DNA breaks generate the recruitment of Ku86/Ku70 to bind to the broken DNA ends, the possible involvement of FIR and Ku86/Ku70 interaction in the BLM-induced DNA damage repair response was investigated in this study. First, BLM treatment reduced SAP155 expression and increased FIR and FIRΔexon2 mRNA expression as well as the ratio of FIRΔexon2:FIR in hepatoblastoma cells (HLE and HLF). Second, FIR or FIRΔexon2 adenovirus vectors (Ad-FIR or Ad-FIRΔexon2) increased Ku86/Ku70 and P27Kip1 expression in vitro. Third, BLM decreased P27Kip1 protein expression, whereas increased P27Kip1 and γH2AX expression with Ad-FIRΔexon2. Together, the interaction of FIR/SAP155 modulates FIR splicing and involves in cell-cycle control or cell fate via P27Kip1 and c-myc in BLM-induced DNA damage pathway. This novel function of FIR splicing will contribute to clinical studies of cancer management through elucidating the mechanical interaction of FIR/FIRΔexon2/SAP155 as a potential target for cancer treatment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alternative Splicing*
  • Animals
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Bleomycin / pharmacology*
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / genetics
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / metabolism*
  • DNA Damage / drug effects*
  • DNA Helicases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • DNA Helicases / genetics
  • DNA Helicases / metabolism*
  • Embryo, Mammalian / drug effects
  • Embryo, Mammalian / metabolism
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Hepatoblastoma / genetics*
  • Hepatoblastoma / metabolism
  • Hepatoblastoma / pathology
  • Humans
  • Immunoenzyme Techniques
  • Immunoprecipitation
  • Ku Autoantigen
  • Liver Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / metabolism*
  • RNA Splicing Factors
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / genetics*
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Repressor Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Repressor Proteins / genetics*
  • Repressor Proteins / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Transcription, Genetic / drug effects

Substances

  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
  • RNA Splicing Factors
  • RNA, Messenger
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • RNA-Binding Proteins
  • Repressor Proteins
  • poly-U binding splicing factor 60KDa
  • Bleomycin
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27
  • DNA Helicases
  • XRCC5 protein, human
  • Ku Autoantigen