Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 knockdown tunes cellular mechanics through epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer cells

PLoS One. 2014 Oct 14;9(10):e107973. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107973. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

We report cell mechanical changes in response to alteration of expression of the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (hENT1), a most abundant and widely distributed plasma membrane nucleoside transporter in human cells and/or tissues. Modulation of hENT1 expression level altered the stiffness of pancreatic cancer Capan-1 and Panc 03.27 cells, which was analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and correlated to microfluidic platform. The hENT1 knockdown induced reduction of cellular stiffness in both of cells up to 70%. In addition, cellular phenotypic changes such as cell morphology, migration, and expression level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were observed after hENT1 knockdown. Cells with suppressed hENT1 became elongated, migrated faster, and had reduced E-cadherin and elevated N-cadherin compared to parental cells which are consistent with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Those cellular phenotypic changes closely correlated with changes in cellular stiffness. This study suggests that hENT1 expression level affects cellular phenotype and cell elastic behavior can be a physical biomarker for quantify hENT1 expression and detect phenotypic shift. Furthermore, cell mechanics can be a critical tool in detecting disease progression and response to therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Cadherins / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement
  • Cell Separation
  • Cell Size
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / genetics*
  • Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 / genetics
  • Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 / metabolism*
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Humans
  • Microfluidic Analytical Techniques
  • Microscopy, Atomic Force
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / physiopathology*
  • RNA Interference
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism

Substances

  • Cadherins
  • Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • SLC29A1 protein, human