We conducted a case-control study to estimate association between six common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and risk of cervical cancer and evaluate the interaction between IL-17 gene polymorphisms and environmental factors in cervical cancer patients. This study included 264 consecutive primary cervical cancer patients and 264 age-matched controls. The genotypes of IL-17A rs2275913, rs3748067, and rs3819025 and IL-17A rs763780, rs9382084, and rs1266828 were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length of polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. By logistic regression analysis, we found that individuals with AA genotype of rs2275913 were correlated with increased risk of cervical cancer when compared with GG genotype, and the odds ratio (OR) (95 % confidence interval (CI)) for AA genotype was 2.34 (1.24-4.49). By stratified analysis, individuals with AA genotype of rs2275913 were significantly associated with increased risk of cervical cancer in HPV-16- or HPV-18-infected patients when compared with GG genotype, and the OR (95 % CI) was 4.11 (1.14-22.33). In this case-control study, we suggest that rs2275913 may play an important role in the development of cervical cancer, especially in HPV-16- or HPV-18-infected patients.