Expression and clinical significance of genes frequently mutated in small cell lung cancers defined by whole exome/RNA sequencing

Carcinogenesis. 2015 Jun;36(6):616-21. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgv026. Epub 2015 Apr 11.

Abstract

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive type of lung cancer. Only 15% of SCLC patients survive beyond 2 years after diagnosis. Therefore, for the improvement of patients' outcome in this disease, it is necessary to identify genetic alterations applicable as therapeutic targets in SCLC cells. The purpose of this study is the identification of genes frequently mutated and expressed in SCLCs that will be targetable for therapy of SCLC patients. Exome sequencing was performed in 28 primary tumors and 16 metastatic tumors from 38 patients with SCLCs. Expression of mutant alleles was verified in 19 cases by RNA sequencing. TP53, RB1 and PTEN were identified as being significantly mutated genes. Additional 36 genes were identified as being frequently (≥10%) mutated in SCLCs by combining the results of this study and two recent studies. Mutated alleles were expressed in 8 of the 36 genes, TMEM132D, SPTA1, VPS13B, CSMD2, ANK2, ASTN1, ASPM and FBN3. In particular, the TMEM132D, SPTA1 and VPS13B genes were commonly mutated in both early and late stage tumors, primary tumors and metastases, and tumors before and after chemotherapy, as in the case of the TP53 and RB1 genes. Therefore, in addition to TP53, RB1 and PTEN, TMEM132D, SPTA1 and VPS13B could be also involved in SCLC development, with the products from their mutated alleles being potential therapeutic targets in SCLC patients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Base Sequence
  • Exome / genetics
  • Female
  • Gene Frequency
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation / genetics*
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / genetics
  • Retinoblastoma Protein / genetics
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA
  • Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / genetics*
  • Spectrin / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • Vesicular Transport Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Membrane Proteins
  • Retinoblastoma Protein
  • TMEM132D protein, human
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • VPS13B protein, human
  • Vesicular Transport Proteins
  • Spectrin
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase
  • PTEN protein, human