Management of Two Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia Patients According to Clinical and Genetic Features

Turk J Haematol. 2015 Jun;32(2):175-9. doi: 10.4274/tjh.2014.0034.

Abstract

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare clonal myeloproliferative disorder of childhood. Major progress has been achieved in diagnosis and the understanding of the pathogenesis of JMML by identifying the genetic pathologies that occur in patients. Mutations of RAS, NF1, PTPN11, and CBL are found in approximately 80% of JMML patients. Distinct clinical features have been reported to be associated with specific gene mutations. The advent of genomic studies and recent identification of novel genetic mutations in JMML are important not only in diagnosis but also in the management and prognosis of the disease. Herein, we present 2 patients with JMML harboring different mutations, NRAS and c-CBL, respectively, with distinct clinical features and different therapeutic approaches.

Juvenil myelomonositik lösemi (JMML) çocukluk çağında nadir görülen klonal myeloproliferatif bir hastalıktır. Hastalarda genetik patolojiler saptandıkça JMML’nin tanı ve patogenezini anlamada önemli ilerlemeler kaydedilmiştir. Bu hastaların yaklaşık %80’inde RAS, NF1, PTPN11 ve CBL gen mutasyonları bulunmuştur. Belirli klinik bulgular ile spesifik gen mutasyonları arasında ilişki olduğu bildirilmektedir. JMML’de genomik çalışmalardaki gelişmeler ve son yıllarda tanımlanmış yeni genetik mutasyonların saptanması sadece hastalığın tanısı için değil, tedavi ve prognozunda da önem taşımaktadır. Burada NRAS ve c-CBL mutasyonları olan iki JMML’li hasta, belirli klinik bulguları ve farklı tedavi yaklaşımları ile sunulmaktadır.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple
  • Allografts
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Autoimmunity
  • Cytarabine / administration & dosage
  • Exons / genetics
  • Female
  • Genes, ras*
  • Genetic Heterogeneity
  • Germ-Line Mutation
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile / complications
  • Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile / drug therapy
  • Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile / genetics
  • Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile / therapy*
  • Male
  • Mercaptopurine / administration & dosage
  • Mercaptopurine / therapeutic use
  • Mutation, Missense*
  • Point Mutation*
  • Prednisolone / administration & dosage
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl / genetics*
  • Remission Induction

Substances

  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
  • Cytarabine
  • Prednisolone
  • Mercaptopurine
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl