MicroRNA-143 replenishment re-sensitizes colorectal cancer cells harboring mutant, but not wild-type, KRAS to paclitaxel treatment

Tumour Biol. 2016 May;37(5):5829-35. doi: 10.1007/s13277-015-4354-6. Epub 2015 Nov 18.

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) global incidence is one of the highest among cancers. The KRAS gene has been shown as a robust biomarker for poor prognosis and drug resistance. MicroRNA-143 (miR-143) and let-7 are families of tumor suppressor microRNAs that are often downregulated in CRC, especially with coexistent KRAS mutations. In order to evaluate if miR-143 and/or let-7b replenishment would re-sensitize CRC cells to paclitaxel treatment, we investigated in effect of miR-143 and let-7b replenishments on sensitivity to paclitaxel treatment in KRAS mutant LoVo and wild-type SW48 CRC cell lines. Our results showed that miR-143, but not let-7b, increased sensitization of KRAS mutant tumor cells to paclitaxel. Furthermore, transfection of miR-143, but not let-7b, mimic negatively regulated the expression of mutant but not wild-type KRAS. Combination of miR-143 mimic and paclitaxel induced the onset of apoptosis, and reverted in vitro metastatic properties (migration and invasion) in KRAS mutant tumor cells. MiR-143 thus can be used as a chemosensitizer for the treatment of KRAS mutant tumors and warrants further investigations in in vitro and pre-clinical in vivo models.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; KRAS; let-7b; miR-143.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / genetics
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology*
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Division
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics*
  • Genes, ras*
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • Mutation
  • Neoplasm Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Oncogene Protein p21(ras) / biosynthesis
  • Paclitaxel / pharmacology*
  • RNA / genetics
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • MIRN143 microRNA, human
  • MicroRNAs
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • RNA, recombinant
  • mirnlet7 microRNA, human
  • RNA
  • Oncogene Protein p21(ras)
  • Paclitaxel