Resveratrol Overcomes Cellular Resistance to Vemurafenib Through Dephosphorylation of AKT in BRAF-mutated Melanoma Cells

Anticancer Res. 2016 Jul;36(7):3585-9.

Abstract

Background/aim: The serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf (BRAF) V600E mutant (BRAF(V600E)) inhibitor vemurafenib, has improved clinical outcomes for patients with BRAF(V600E) melanoma, but acquired cellular resistance mediated by AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT) phosphorylation limits its efficacy. We examined the effect of resveratrol on vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells.

Materials and methods: A vemurafenib-resistant human metastatic melanoma cell line positive for the BRAF V600E mutation was established. The anti-tumorigenic effects of vemurafenib and resveratrol, both alone and in combination, were examined through analysis of cell proliferation and protein expression.

Results: The level of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) was increased in the primary melanoma cells after treatment with vemurafenib, and the basal level of p-AKT was increased in vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells. Notably, resveratrol both alone and in combination with vemurafenib effectively suppressed cell proliferation and AKT phosphorylation in both parental and vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells.

Conclusion: Vemurafenib resistance can be reversed by addition of resveratrol in patients undergoing treatment with BRAF inhibitors.

Keywords: AKT phosphorylation; BRAF; drug resistance; melanoma; vemurafenib.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Drug Synergism
  • Humans
  • Indoles / pharmacology*
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Melanoma / drug therapy
  • Melanoma / pathology
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational / drug effects*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism*
  • Resveratrol
  • Stilbenes / pharmacology*
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacology*
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured
  • Vemurafenib

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Indoles
  • Stilbenes
  • Sulfonamides
  • Vemurafenib
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • Resveratrol