Colorectal Cancer with BRAF D594G Mutation Is Not Associated with Microsatellite Instability or Poor Prognosis

Oncology. 2016;91(3):162-70. doi: 10.1159/000447402. Epub 2016 Jul 13.

Abstract

Objective: BRAF D594G mutations in colorectal cancer patients are not clearly understood. We retrospectively investigated the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancers with BRAF D594G mutations.

Methods: We selected 908 colorectal cancer patients who underwent surgical resection from January 2008 to January 2013, and assessed BRAF, KRAS, microsatellite instability, and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP).

Results: We detected BRAF D594G in 7 patients and BRAF V600E in 45 patients. The clinicopathological features of cancers with BRAF D594G mutation were similar to those with BRAF wild-type, but differed from those with BRAF V600E mutations. Regarding microsatellite instability status, 44.4% of cases with BRAF V600E mutations exhibited high microsatellite instability, compared to 14.3% of those with BRAF D594G mutations and 4.4% of those with BRAF wild-type. There were no CIMP-positive tumors in cancers with BRAF D594G mutations, whereas 67.8% of tumors with BRAF V600E mutations were CIMP-positive. In stage IV cancers, the survival rates of patients at 2 years were 8.5, 50.0, and 68.2% in the BRAF V600E mutation, BRAF D594G mutation, and BRAF wild-type groups, respectively.

Conclusion: Colorectal cancers with BRAF D594G mutations exhibit similar clinicopathological features, microsatellite instability status, and prognosis as those with BRAF wild-type.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / genetics*
  • Adenocarcinoma / secondary*
  • Adenocarcinoma / surgery
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bevacizumab / therapeutic use
  • Cetuximab / therapeutic use
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics
  • ErbB Receptors / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microsatellite Instability*
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prognosis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Bevacizumab
  • ErbB Receptors
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • Cetuximab