Uric acid is the final end-product of purine metabolism and 70% of it is excreted through the kidneys. Chronic hyperuricemia can easily cause gout and meanwhile may affect the kidneys and cardiovascular system. In recent years,the incidences of hyperuricemia and gout have gradually increased. This article summarizes the correlation of hyperuricemia with hyperuricemic nephropathy,gouty arthritis,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,and carotid atherosclerosis and the role of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of these lesions.