Investigation of prevalence of dental anomalies by using digital panoramic radiographs

Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2018;77(2):323-328. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2017.0087. Epub 2017 Sep 21.

Abstract

Background: This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of all types and subtypes of dental anomalies among 6- to 40-year-old patients by using panoramic radiographs.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by analysing digital panoramic radiographs of 1200 patients admitted to our clinic in 2014. Dental anomalies were examined under 5 types and 16 subtypes. Dental ano-malies were divided into 5 types: (a) number (including hypodontia, oligodontia and hyperdontia); (b) size (including microdontia and macrodontia); (c) structure (including amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dys-plasia); (d) position (including transposition, ectopia, displacement, impaction and inversion); (e) shape (including fusion-gemination, dilaceration and taurodontism).

Results: The prevalence of dental anomalies diagnosed by panoramic radiographs was 39.2% (46% in men and 54% in women). Anomalies of position (60.8%) and shape (27.8%) were the most common types of abnormalities and anomalies of size (8.2%), structure (0.2%) and number (17%) were the least in both genders. Anomalies of impaction (45.5%), dilacerations (16.3%), hypodontia (13.8%) and taurodontism (11.2%) were the most common subtypes of dental anomalies. Taurodontism was more common in the age groups of 13-19 years. The age range of the most frequent of all other anomalies was 20-29.

Conclusions: Anomalies of tooth position were the most common type of dental anomalies and structure anomalies were the least common in this Turkish po-pulation. The frequency and type of dental anomalies vary within and between populations, confirming the role of racial factors in the prevalence of dental ano-malies. Digital panoramic radiography is a very useful method for the detection of dental anomalies. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 2: 323-328).

Keywords: anomalies of position; dental anomalies; digital panoramic radiographs.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anodontia / diagnostic imaging*
  • Anodontia / epidemiology*
  • Child
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Dental Pulp Cavity / abnormalities*
  • Dental Pulp Cavity / diagnostic imaging
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Prevalence
  • Radiography, Panoramic*
  • Tooth Abnormalities / diagnostic imaging*
  • Tooth Abnormalities / epidemiology*
  • Tooth, Impacted / diagnostic imaging*
  • Tooth, Impacted / epidemiology*

Supplementary concepts

  • Taurodontism