Mucolipidosis type III gamma: Three novel mutation and genotype-phenotype study in eleven patients

Gene. 2018 Feb 5:642:398-407. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.052. Epub 2017 Nov 21.

Abstract

Mucolipidosis type III gamma (MLIII gamma) is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by joint stiffness, mild coarse face and corneal clouding, which becomes recognizable usually in childhood. Biallelic mutations in the GNPTG gene, which encode the γ subunit of the N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase enzyme, are the underlying cause of MLIII gamma. The aim of this study is to evaluate the longitudinal findings and genotype of eleven patients from eight families with MLIII gamma and to establish a genotype-phenotype correlation. The most frequently observed initial finding was stiffness of finger joints, which detected in patients between 18month-olds and five year-olds. However, in four patients presented here, initial finding was knee pain or waddling gait, which started between six-16years of age. All patients also had variable degrees of stiffness on large joints. The longest follow up period was 16years while the shortest was three years and six months. We observed that the patients who had an early onset disease and severe joint stiffness had also rapidly progressive joint involvement mostly localized in hands, shoulders, and hip. However; the patients with late onset and/or mild joint stiffness experienced slowly progressive symptoms. Most patients dropped in their growth curve in time and the ones who were severely affected reached the final height below the third centile. Seven disease-causing mutations, three of them novel, were detected in GNPTG gene. According to our clinical observations c.493_494insC and c.283_284insC mutations lead to a severe phenotype and c.196C>T, c.347_349del, c.652_655delTACT and c.445delG/c.367A>G mutations seemed to generate a milder phenotype.

Keywords: GNPTG; Genotype; Mucolipidosis III gamma; Phenotype.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age of Onset
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Genetic Association Studies
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Mucolipidoses / genetics*
  • Mutation*
  • Phenotype
  • Prognosis
  • Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) / genetics*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups)
  • GNPTG protein, human

Supplementary concepts

  • Mucolipidosis III Gamma