SNX10 (sorting nexin 10) inhibits colorectal cancer initiation and progression by controlling autophagic degradation of SRC

Autophagy. 2020 Apr;16(4):735-749. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1632122. Epub 2019 Jul 4.

Abstract

The non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRC is a key mediator of cellular protumorigenic signals. SRC is aberrantly over-expressed and activated in more than 80% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, therefore regulation of its stability and activity is essential. Here, we report a significant down regulation of SNX10 (sorting nexin 10) in human CRC tissues, which is closely related to tumor differentiation, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and survival period. SNX10 deficiency in normal and neoplastic colorectal epithelial cells promotes initiation and progression of CRC in mice. SNX10 controls SRC levels by mediating autophagosome-lysosome fusion and SRC recruitment for autophagic degradation. These mechanisms ensure proper controlling of the activities of SRC-STAT3 and SRC-CTNNB1 signaling pathways by up-regulating SNX10 expression under stress conditions. These findings suggest that SNX10 acts as a tumor suppressor in CRC and it could be a potential therapeutic target for future development.Abbreviations: ACTB: actin beta; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG12: autophagy related 12; CQ: chloroquine; CRC: colorectal cancer; CTNNB1: catenin beta 1; EBSS: Earle's balanced salt solution; KO: knockout; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LAMP2: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; MAP1LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MKI67: marker of proliferation Ki-67; mRNA: messenger RNA; PX: phox homology; RT-qPCR: real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; siRNA: small interfering RNA; SNX10: sorting nexin 10; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; SRC: SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase; STAT3: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; WT: wild type.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; SNX10; SRC; macroautophagy; tumor growth.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Autophagy / genetics
  • Autophagy / physiology*
  • Cell Movement / physiology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Down-Regulation
  • Humans
  • Lysosomes / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Mas
  • Sorting Nexins / deficiency
  • Sorting Nexins / genetics
  • Sorting Nexins / metabolism*
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • MAS1 protein, human
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Mas
  • SNX10 protein, human
  • SNX10 protein, mouse
  • Sorting Nexins

Grants and funding

This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81773744, 81573441 and 81371923), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (NO. 2018M642122), and Shanghai Sailing Program (NO. 19YF1457800);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M642122].