Histone deacetylases, Mbd3/NuRD, and Tet2 hydroxylase are crucial regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and tumor metastasis

Oncogene. 2020 Feb;39(7):1498-1513. doi: 10.1038/s41388-019-1081-2. Epub 2019 Oct 30.

Abstract

An epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a basic morphogenetic process of high cell plasticity underlying embryogenesis, wound healing, cancer metastasis and drug resistance. It involves a profound transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming of cells. A critical role of epigenetic modifiers and their specific chromatin modifications has been demonstrated during EMT. However, it has remained elusive whether epigenetic control differs between the dynamic cell state transitions of reversible EMT and the fixed differentiation status of irreversible EMT. We have employed varying EMT models of murine breast cancer cells to identify the key players establishing epithelial-mesenchymal cell plasticity during reversible and irreversible EMT. We demonstrate that the Mbd3/NuRD complex and the activities of histone deacetylases (HDACs), and Tet2 hydroxylase play a critical role in keeping cancer cells in a highly metastatic mesenchymal state. Combinatorial interference with their functions leads to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) and efficiently represses metastasis formation by invasive murine and human breast cancer cells in vivo.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carcinogenesis
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Dioxygenases
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition*
  • Histone Deacetylases / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / metabolism
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / pathology
  • Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • MBD3 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Dioxygenases
  • TET2 protein, human
  • Histone Deacetylases
  • Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex