Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia and Early-onset Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: An Update

Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2020 Jan;29(1):71-90. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2019.08.017.

Abstract

The clinical severity, impact on development, and poor prognosis of childhood-onset schizophrenia may represent a more homogeneous group. Positive symptoms in children are necessary for the diagnosis, and hallucinations are more often multimodal. In healthy children and children with a variety of other psychiatric illnesses, hallucinations are not uncommon and diagnosis should not be based on these alone. Childhood-onset schizophrenia is an extraordinarily rare illness that is poorly understood but seems continuous with the adult-onset disorder. Once a diagnosis is confirmed, aggressive medication treatment combined with family education and individual counseling may prevent further deterioration.

Keywords: Childhood psychosis; Childhood-onset schizophrenia; Schizophrenia.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antipsychotic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Comorbidity
  • Humans
  • Psychotic Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Psychotic Disorders / epidemiology
  • Psychotic Disorders / therapy*
  • Schizophrenia / diagnosis*
  • Schizophrenia / epidemiology
  • Schizophrenia / therapy*

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents