Zn2+ ions inhibit gene transcription following stimulation of the Ca2+ channels Cav1.2 and TRPM3

Metallomics. 2020 Nov 1;12(11):1735-1747. doi: 10.1039/d0mt00180e. Epub 2020 Oct 8.

Abstract

Zinc, a trace element, is necessary for the correct structure and function of many proteins. Therefore, Zn2+ has to be taken up by the cells, using specific Zn2+ transporters or Ca2+ channels. In this study, we have focused on two Ca2+ channels, the L-type voltage-gated Cav1.2 channel and the transient receptor potential channel TRPM3. Stimulation of either channel induces an intracellular signaling cascade leading to the activation of the transcription factor AP-1. The influx of Ca2+ ions into the cytoplasm is essential for this activity. We asked whether extracellular Zn2+ ions affect Cav1.2 or TRPM3-induced gene transcription following stimulation of the channels. The results show that extracellular Zn2+ ions reduced the activation of AP-1 by more than 80% following stimulation of either voltage-gated Cav1.2 channels or TRPM3 channels. Experiments performed with cells maintained in Ca2+-free medium revealed that Zn2+ ions cannot replace Ca2+ ions in inducing gene transcription via stimulation of Cav1.2 and TRPM3 channels. Re-addition of Ca2+ ions to the cell culture medium, however, restored the ability of these Ca2+ channels to induce a signaling cascade leading to the activation of AP-1. Secretory cells, including neurons and pancreatic β-cells, release Zn2+ ions during exocytosis. We propose that the released Zn2+ ions function as a negative feedback loop for stimulus-induced exocytosis by inhibiting Ca2+ channel signaling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcium Channels, L-Type / metabolism*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Insulinoma / genetics
  • Ions
  • Protein Kinase C / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Signal Transduction
  • TRPM Cation Channels / metabolism*
  • Transcription Factor AP-1 / genetics
  • Transcription Factor AP-1 / metabolism
  • Transcription, Genetic* / drug effects
  • Up-Regulation / drug effects
  • Up-Regulation / genetics
  • Zinc / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Calcium Channels, L-Type
  • Ions
  • L-type calcium channel alpha(1C)
  • TRPM Cation Channels
  • TRPM3 protein, rat
  • Transcription Factor AP-1
  • Protein Kinase C
  • Zinc