Coagulation issues in vascular anomalies

Semin Pediatr Surg. 2020 Oct;29(5):150966. doi: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2020.150966. Epub 2020 Sep 16.

Abstract

Vascular anomalies, comprised of vascular tumors and malformations, are frequently associated with coagulopathy. Recognition of and familiarity with these vascular anomaly-associated hematologic abnormalities prior to surgery or interventional procedures is essential for pre-operative pre-operative planning. Complicated coagulopathies present within the framework of either Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) or localized intravascular coagulopathy (LIC), and their management benefits from the expertise of a hematologist for optimal intra- and peri‑operative care. Furthermore, with the recent broadening of understanding of vascular anomalies and the addition of new classification sub-groups, distinctions of these two classic coagulopathy phenotypes have been recognized. This review summarizes the main features of these coagulopathies, described according to their vascular anomaly type, highlighting clinical aspects relevant to surgical management.

Keywords: Anticoagulation; Coagulopathy; Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon; Vascular anomaly; Vascular malformation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Blood Coagulation Disorders* / diagnosis
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders* / pathology
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders* / surgery
  • Child
  • Humans
  • Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome* / diagnosis
  • Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome* / pathology
  • Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome* / surgery
  • Vascular Malformations* / diagnosis
  • Vascular Malformations* / pathology
  • Vascular Malformations* / surgery
  • Vascular Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Vascular Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Vascular Neoplasms* / surgery