Spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in multiple myeloma with loss of 17p13.1, t(4;14) and monosomy 13

Bushra Tbakhi; Sandrine Hanna; Yazan Samhouri; Deeraj Lingutla

doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-234122

Spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in multiple myeloma with loss of 17p13.1, t(4;14) and monosomy 13

BMJ Case Rep. 2021 Feb 5;14(2):e234122. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2019-234122.

Authors

Bushra Tbakhi¹, Sandrine Hanna², Yazan Samhouri³, Deeraj Lingutla²

Affiliations

¹ Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA bushra_tbakhi@urmc.rochester.edu.
² Internal Medicine, Unity Hospital, Rochester, New York, USA.
³ Hematology/Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Abstract

Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is a constellation of metabolic derangements caused by lysis of tumour cells. It is an oncological emergency that is considered a rare occurrence in multiple myeloma (MM) and usually occurs after patients have been treated with chemotherapy. We describe a very rare case of TLS occurring before the official diagnosis or treatment of MM. We report infrequent karyotype abnormalities, including loss of 17p13.1 (TP53 mutation), t(4;14) (FGFR3/IGH fusion) and monosomy 13, that have not been explicitly described in association with spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome (STLS) in MM. This case adds to the sparse literature available on STLS in MM, which is a life-threatening situation requiring urgent medical intervention.

Keywords: acute renal failure; calcium and bone; dialysis; haematology (drugs and medicines); malignant and Benign haematology.

Publication types

Case Reports

MeSH terms

Diagnosis, Differential
Drug Therapy, Combination
Fatal Outcome
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Monosomy
Multiple Myeloma / complications*
Multiple Myeloma / diagnosis
Multiple Myeloma / therapy
Renal Dialysis
Tumor Lysis Syndrome / diagnosis
Tumor Lysis Syndrome / genetics*
Tumor Lysis Syndrome / therapy