Over the past decade, understanding of autoimmune neurologic disorders has exponentially increased. Many patients present as a neurologic emergency and require timely evaluation with rapid management and intensive care. However, the diagnosis is often either missed or delayed, which may lead to a significant burden of disabling morbidity and even mortality. A high level of suspicion in the at-risk population should be maintained to facilitate more rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment. At present, there is no all-encompassing algorithm specifically applicable to the management of fulminant autoimmune neurologic disorders. This article discusses manifestations and management of various autoimmune neurologic emergencies.
Keywords: Antibody; Autoimmune; Demyelinating disease; Encephalitis; Neurologic emergency; Neuromyelitis optica; Neurosarcoidosis; Paraneoplastic.
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