What is the standard indication of adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy in localized soft-tissue sarcoma?

Curr Opin Oncol. 2021 Jul 1;33(4):329-335. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000742.

Abstract

Purpose of review: The aim is to bring latest evidence of the role of perioperative chemotherapy in localized soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) of limbs and to review the risk classification systems of retroperitoneal and extremity STS.

Recent findings: High-risk subset of localized STS of limbs and trunk-wall, defined with classic prognostic factors, consistently obtained 5-year overall survival ranging from 69 to 76% in randomized patients treated with full-dose of anthracycline and ifosfamide. Validated nomograms accurately predict, on individual basis, the risk of death and recurrence in localized STS of retroperitoneum and limbs, enabling a better selection of high-risk patients (usually those with death risk of ≥40%) that potentially could benefit with perioperative systemic treatment. Nomograms have virtually converted a negative large perioperative trial into a positive, favouring chemotherapy arm in the high-risk selection.

Summary: Perioperative three cycles of full-dose of anthracycline and ifosfamide should be proposed on an individual basis, in reference sarcoma centres, to high-risk localized STS of limbs or trunk-wall in certain histologies.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anthracyclines / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic
  • Extremities / pathology
  • Humans
  • Ifosfamide / administration & dosage
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Sarcoma / drug therapy*
  • Sarcoma / surgery*
  • Soft Tissue Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Soft Tissue Neoplasms / surgery*

Substances

  • Anthracyclines
  • Ifosfamide