The broadening scope of oral mucositis and oral ulcerative mucosal toxicities of anticancer therapies

CA Cancer J Clin. 2022 Jan;72(1):57-77. doi: 10.3322/caac.21704. Epub 2021 Oct 29.

Abstract

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common, highly symptomatic complication of cancer therapy that affects patients' function, quality of life, and ability to tolerate treatment. In certain patients with cancer, OM is associated with increased mortality. Research on the management of OM is ongoing. Oral mucosal toxicities are also reported in targeted and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies. The objective of this article is to present current knowledge about the epidemiology, pathogenesis, assessment, risk prediction, and current and developing intervention strategies for OM and other ulcerative mucosal toxicities caused by both conventional and evolving forms of cancer therapy.

Keywords: cancer; immune checkpoint inhibitors; immunotherapy; oral mucositis; stomatitis; targeted therapy; toxicity; ulcer.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Mouth Mucosa / drug effects
  • Mouth Mucosa / pathology
  • Mouth Mucosa / radiation effects
  • Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Oral Ulcer / diagnosis
  • Oral Ulcer / epidemiology*
  • Oral Ulcer / etiology
  • Oral Ulcer / psychology
  • Prevalence
  • Quality of Life
  • Radiation Injuries / diagnosis
  • Radiation Injuries / epidemiology*
  • Radiation Injuries / etiology
  • Radiation Injuries / psychology
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stomatitis / diagnosis
  • Stomatitis / epidemiology*
  • Stomatitis / etiology
  • Stomatitis / psychology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents