Sestrin2 mediates FOXM1 expression to block the EMT process in non-small cell lung cancer through the AMPK/YAP pathway

Neoplasma. 2023 Feb;70(1):46-57. doi: 10.4149/neo_2022_220711N705. Epub 2023 Jan 9.

Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by high incidence and mortality, severely threatening human health. The infinite growth and metastasis of NSCLC cells result in a poor prognosis. Therefore, our study was to investigate the mechanism of Sestrin2 on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of NSCLC cells. Human embryonic lung fibroblasts, NSCLC cell lines, and nude mice were experimental subjects in this study. qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of genes. CCK-8 and EdU assay were conducted to detect cell proliferation. The scratch test and Transwell assay were applied to examine cell migration and invasion. The bioinformatics analysis and Co-IP assay were employed to predict and consolidate the interaction between YAP and TEAD. We found the expression of Sestrin2 was declined but the expression of YAP was elevated in NSCLC cells. Sestrin2 sufficiency or YAP silencing could effectively impair cell growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, YAP interacted with TEAD to enhance FOXM1 expression. Additionally, the elevation of FOXM1 abolished the inhibitory influences of Sestrin2 sufficiency on NSCLC cell growth, invasion, and EMT process. Eventually, Sestrin2 elevation attenuated tumor growth in mice via modulation of the AMPK/YAP/FOXM1 axis, which was reversed by FOXM1 overexpression. Our consequences suggested Sestrin2 could inhibit the activation of YAP via prompting AMPK phosphorylation and then suppress FOXM1 expression through the interplay between YAP and TEAD to impair the capacities of NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT. This study provided a novel mechanism of Sestrin2 in NSCLC.

MeSH terms

  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
  • Animals
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / genetics
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / genetics
  • Forkhead Box Protein M1 / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude

Substances

  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Forkhead Box Protein M1
  • FOXM1 protein, human
  • SESN2 protein, human
  • YAP1 protein, human