MCM2 is involved in subtyping and tamoxifen resistance of ERα-positive breast cancer by acting as the downstream factor of ERα

Biotechnol J. 2024 Feb;19(2):e2300560. doi: 10.1002/biot.202300560.

Abstract

Tamoxifen (TAM) resistance is finally developed in over 40% of patients with estrogen receptor α-positive breast cancer (ERα+ -BC), documenting that discovering new molecular subtype is needed to confer perception to the heterogeneity of ERα+ -BC. We obtained representative gene sets subtyping ERα+ -BC using gene set variation analysis (GSVA), non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), and COX regression methods on the basis of METABRIC, TCGA, and GEO databases. Furthermore, the risk score of ERα+ -BC subtyping was established using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression on the basis of genes in the representative gene sets, thereby generating the two subtypes of ERα+ -BC. We further found that minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (MCM2) functioned as the hub gene subtyping ERα+ -BC using GO, KEGG, and MCODE. MCM2 expression was capable for specifically predicting 1-year overall survival (OS) of ERα+ -BC and correlated with T stage, AJCC stage, and tamoxifen (TAM) sensitivity of ERα+ -BC. The downregulation of MCM2 expression inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of TAM-resistant cells and promoted G0/G1 arrest. Altogether, tamoxifen resistance entails that MCM2 is a hub gene subtyping ERα+ -BC, providing a novel dimension for discovering a potential target of TAM-resistant BC.

Keywords: ERα positive breast cancer; MCM2; risk score; subtype; tamoxifen.

MeSH terms

  • Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Breast Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Down-Regulation
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha* / genetics
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha* / metabolism
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2* / genetics
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2* / metabolism
  • Tamoxifen* / pharmacology

Substances

  • Estrogen Receptor alpha
  • MCM2 protein, human
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2
  • Tamoxifen
  • ESR1 protein, human