Multiple Sclerosis Part 1: Essentials and the McDonald Criteria

Sonia Gill; Mohit Agarwal

doi:10.1016/j.mric.2023.11.002

Multiple Sclerosis Part 1: Essentials and the McDonald Criteria

Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2024 May;32(2):207-220. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.11.002. Epub 2023 Dec 9.

Authors

Sonia Gill¹, Mohit Agarwal²

Affiliations

¹ Section of Neuroradiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
² Section of Neuroradiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA. Electronic address: magarwal@mcw.edu.

PMID: 38555137
DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.11.002

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by relapsing-remitting or progressive neurologic symptoms and focal white matter lesions. The hallmark of the disease is the dissemination of CNS lesions in space and time, which is defined by the McDonald criteria. MRI is an essential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for MS which can evaluate the entire CNS. MS mimics must be excluded before a diagnosis of MS is made.

Keywords: Demyelinating disease; Imaging recommendations; MRI; McDonald criteria; Multiple sclerosis; Multiple sclerosis mimics.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Brain
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods
Multiple Sclerosis* / diagnostic imaging
Multiple Sclerosis* / pathology