Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency in 12 families with the autosomal recessive syndrome of osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis and cerebral calcification

N Engl J Med. 1985 Jul 18;313(3):139-45. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198507183130302.

Abstract

Osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis and cerebral calcification was identified as a recessively inherited syndrome in 1972. In 1983, we reported a deficiency of carbonic anhydrase II, one of the isozymes of carbonic anhydrase, in three sisters with this disorder. We now describe our study of 18 similarly affected patients with this syndrome in 11 unrelated families of different geographic and ethnic origins. Virtual absence of the carbonic anhydrase II peak on high-performance liquid chromatography, of the esterase and carbon dioxide hydratase activities of carbonic anhydrase II, and of immunoprecipitable isozyme II was demonstrated on extracts of erythrocyte hemolysates from all patients studied. Reduced levels of isozyme II were found in obligate heterozygotes. These observations demonstrate the generality of the findings that we reported earlier in one family and provide further evidence that a deficiency of carbonic anhydrase II is the enzymatic basis for the autosomal recessive syndrome of osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis and cerebral calcification. We also summarize the clinical findings in these families, propose mechanisms by which a deficiency of carbonic anhydrase II could produce this metabolic disorder of bone, kidney, and brain, and discuss the clinical evidence for genetic heterogeneity in patients from different kindreds with this inborn error of metabolism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acidosis, Renal Tubular / complications
  • Acidosis, Renal Tubular / enzymology
  • Acidosis, Renal Tubular / genetics*
  • Adult
  • Bone and Bones / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / enzymology
  • Brain Diseases / complications
  • Brain Diseases / enzymology
  • Brain Diseases / genetics*
  • Calcinosis / complications
  • Calcinosis / enzymology
  • Calcinosis / genetics*
  • Carbonic Anhydrases / deficiency*
  • Carbonic Anhydrases / genetics
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Erythrocytes / enzymology
  • Female
  • Genes, Recessive
  • Genetic Variation
  • Heterozygote
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Isoenzymes / deficiency*
  • Isoenzymes / genetics
  • Kidney / enzymology
  • Male
  • Osteopetrosis / complications
  • Osteopetrosis / enzymology
  • Osteopetrosis / genetics*
  • Pedigree
  • Syndrome
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Substances

  • Isoenzymes
  • Carbonic Anhydrases