Enterobiasis or pinworm infestation is an ubiquitous infection often seen in primary care settings. Incidence and prevalence are difficult to identify as it is believed that many cases go undiagnosed. Diagnosis, most commonly made in the school-aged child after complaints of nocturnal pruritus ani, can be made either by a cellulose tape test or by parental or self-report. A number of effective antihelminthics are available for treatment. It is thought that all close family members should be treated when a confirmed case exists and that retreatment should be given after a two-week interval to ensure eradication of the parasite. The nurse practitioner can be instrumental in providing treatment, education, support and reassurance to families with pinworms.