Genotypes of ALDH2 related to liver and pulmonary diseases and other genetic factors related to alcoholic liver disease

Alcohol Alcohol. 1994 Nov;29(6):719-27.

Abstract

Genetic factors related to the development of alcoholic liver and pancreatic diseases (ALD and APD) and of alcohol-induced asthma were analyzed. The development of ALD is genetically controlled and is directly associated with the polymorphisms of the genes of acetaldehyde (Ac-CHO) and ethanol-metabolizing enzymes, aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) and cytochrome P4502E1. The development of ALD and APD may also be genetically linked with the induction of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GTT) by alcohol. Alcohol-induced asthma is related to the genotypes of ALDH2 and is caused by rapid elevation of blood Ac-CHO. ALDH1 plays a very important role in the oxidation of Ac-CHO in blood.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acetaldehyde / blood
  • Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / genetics*
  • Asthma / enzymology
  • Asthma / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / genetics
  • Enzyme Induction / genetics
  • Genetic Linkage
  • Genotype*
  • Humans
  • Isoenzymes / genetics*
  • Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / enzymology
  • Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / genetics*
  • Lung Diseases, Obstructive / enzymology
  • Lung Diseases, Obstructive / genetics*
  • Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / genetics
  • Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics*
  • Risk Factors
  • gamma-Glutamyltransferase / genetics

Substances

  • Isoenzymes
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1
  • Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
  • Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating
  • gamma-Glutamyltransferase
  • Acetaldehyde