Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a neurotransmitter found in high density in the brains of mammals. Microiontophoretic studies showing that benzodiazepines selectively antagonized CCK-induced excitation of rat hippocampal neurons have led to the hypothesis that CCK is an anxiogenic peptide. The hypothesis was supported by demonstrations that CCK-tetrapeptide (CCK4) induces panic attacks in humans. This paper reviews phases of investigations which studied the validity of CCK4 as a panicogenic agent and research strategies for the study of panic disorder using CCK4 as an investigative tool.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Base Sequence
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Benzodiazepines / metabolism
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Brain / metabolism
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Brain / physiology*
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Cerebrovascular Circulation
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Cholecystokinin / analysis
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Cholecystokinin / genetics
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Cholecystokinin / physiology*
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Female
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Hippocampus / drug effects
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Hippocampus / metabolism
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Humans
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Imipramine / metabolism
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Imipramine / therapeutic use
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Male
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Neurotransmitter Agents / metabolism
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Neurotransmitter Agents / physiology
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Panic Disorder / drug therapy
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Panic Disorder / physiopathology*
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Sincalide / analysis
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Sincalide / genetics
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Tetragastrin / analysis
Substances
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Neurotransmitter Agents
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Tetragastrin
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Benzodiazepines
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Cholecystokinin
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Sincalide
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Imipramine