Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells are dependent for their survival and proliferation on hematopoietic growth factors. As tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) can increase the proliferation of primary cultures of AML cells, we have investigated the effect of TNF alpha on the autocrine and/or paracrine growth control by one of the major AML growth factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). First, a panel of AML cells were analysed with respect to their proliferative response to TNF alpha. We provide experimental evidence that TNF alpha induces both GM-CSF gene expression and up-regulation of high-affinity GM-CSF membrane receptor in TNF alpha-responsive cells. This effect is not restricted to the malignant phenotype, although it could account for the selective growth advantage of the leukemic clone over the normal cells upon TNF alpha stimulation.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Acute Disease
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Cell Division / drug effects
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Drug Synergism
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Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic / drug effects*
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / genetics*
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / metabolism
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / pharmacology*
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Humans
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Leukemia, Myeloid / drug therapy*
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Leukemia, Myeloid / genetics*
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Leukemia, Myeloid / pathology
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Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / drug effects
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Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / metabolism
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Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / physiology*
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Tumor Cells, Cultured / drug effects
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / pharmacology*
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Up-Regulation / drug effects*
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Up-Regulation / physiology
Substances
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Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor