Cytotoxic T cell and neutralizing antibody responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope with a combination vaccine regimen. AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Group

J Infect Dis. 1998 Feb;177(2):301-9. doi: 10.1086/514202.

Abstract

Effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccination may require induction of neutralizing antibodies (NAs) and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to prevent transmission and control early infection. Recombinant envelope proteins induce NAs but rarely CD8+ CTL responses, and vaccinia vectors containing HIV-1 envelope elicit CD8+ cytotoxicity but few NAs. To benefit from both approaches, 56 vaccinia-naive subjects were randomized to a regimen of priming with recombinant vaccinia gp160LAI and boosting with recombinant gp120SF-2, gp120LAI, gp120MN, or gp160MN. Of 51 persons for whom assays were done, 26 demonstrated envelope-specific CTL. Boosting with gp120, compared with gp160, elicited significantly more NAs and CD4-blocking antibodies. Neutralization of the homologous and heterologous HIV-1 laboratory strains occurred in all subjects receiving vac/env and gp120 and was detectable in 91% of the subjects for >6 months. Thus, vaccine regimens in which one component elicits primarily CTL and the other NAs offer promise for the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine strategy.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • AIDS Vaccines / immunology
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Blocking / immunology
  • Antibodies, Viral / analysis
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • Antibody Affinity / immunology
  • CD4 Antigens / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • HIV Antibodies / analysis
  • HIV Antibodies / immunology*
  • HIV Antigens / genetics
  • HIV Antigens / immunology*
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / genetics
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / immunology
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / genetics
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / immunology
  • HIV Infections / genetics
  • HIV Infections / immunology*
  • HIV Infections / prevention & control
  • HIV-1 / genetics
  • HIV-1 / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Recombinant Proteins / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology*
  • Vaccines, Combined / immunology
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
  • Vaccinia virus / genetics
  • Vaccinia virus / immunology

Substances

  • AIDS Vaccines
  • Antibodies, Blocking
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • CD4 Antigens
  • HIV Antibodies
  • HIV Antigens
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp160
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Vaccines, Combined
  • Vaccines, Synthetic