We examined homozygous deletion, point mutation and expression of DPC4 gene, a recently isolated candidate pancreatic tumor suppressor gene, in 53 patients with myelogenous leukemias and 5 cell lines. The patients consisted of 34 cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia including 22 in the chronic phase, 3 in the accelerated phase, and 9 in blastic crisis, and 19 with acute myelogenous leukemia including 9 at the initial presentation and 10 at relapse. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based deletion analysis for DPC4 exon 8 and PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism study for the entire coding region were carried out. Homozygous deletion or subtle mutation was not detected in any of the samples examined. However, 3 patients with various clinical phases showed a decrease of DPC4 expression. These results suggest that DPC4 alteration is not a crucial event in the development or the progression of myelogenous leukemias.