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γ-aminobutyric acid |
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CHEBI:16865 |
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gamma-aminobutyric acid |
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A γ-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. |
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This entity has been manually annotated by the ChEBI Team.
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CHEBI:40483, CHEBI:1786, CHEBI:20318, CHEBI:193777
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ZINC000013508431 |
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Molfile
XML
SDF
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more structures >>
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Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair. It is associated with increased aggression, sex drive, dominance, courtship display, and a wide range of behavioral characteristics. In addition, testosterone in both sexes is involved in health and well-being, where it has a significant effect on overall mood, cognition, social and sexual behavior, metabolism and energy output, the cardiovascular system, and in the prevention of osteoporosis. Insufficient levels of testosterone in men may lead to abnormalities including frailty, accumulation of adipose fat tissue within the body, anxiety and depression, sexual performance issues, and bone loss.
Excessive levels of testosterone in men may be associated with hyperandrogenism, higher risk of heart failure, increased mortality in men with prostate cancer, and male pattern baldness.
Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androstane class containing a ketone and a hydroxyl group at positions three and seventeen respectively. It is biosynthesized in several steps from cholesterol and is converted in the liver to inactive metabolites. It exerts its action through binding to and activation of the androgen receptor. In humans and most other vertebrates, testosterone is secreted primarily by the testicles of males and, to a lesser extent, the ovaries of females. On average, in adult males, levels of testosterone are about seven to eight times as great as in adult females. As the metabolism of testosterone in males is more pronounced, the daily production is about 20 times greater in men. Females are also more sensitive to the hormone.
In addition to its role as a natural hormone, testosterone is used as a medication to treat hypogonadism and breast cancer. Since testosterone levels decrease as men age, testosterone is sometimes used in older men to counteract this deficiency. It is also used illicitly to enhance physique and performance, for instance in athletes. The World Anti-Doping Agency lists it as S1 Anabolic agent substance "prohibited at all times".
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Read full article at Wikipedia
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InChI=1S/C4H9NO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3,5H2,(H,6,7) |
BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(NCBI:txid4932)
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Source: yeast.sf.net
See:
PubMed
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Homo sapiens
(NCBI:txid9606)
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See:
DOI
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Bronsted acid
A molecular entity capable of donating a hydron to an acceptor (Bronsted base).
(via oxoacid )
Bronsted base
A molecular entity capable of accepting a hydron from a donor (Bronsted acid).
(via organic amino compound )
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ).
human metabolite
Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens).
signalling molecule
A molecular messenger in which the molecule is specifically involved in transmitting information between cells. Such molecules are released from the cell sending the signal, cross over the gap between cells by diffusion, and interact with specific receptors in another cell, triggering a response in that cell by activating a series of enzyme controlled reactions which lead to changes inside the cell.
neurotransmitter
An endogenous compound that is used to transmit information across the synapse between a neuron and another cell.
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View more via ChEBI Ontology
4-aminobutanoic acid
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ChEBI
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4-Aminobutanoic acid
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KEGG COMPOUND
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4-aminobutyric acid
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ChEBI
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4-Aminobutyric acid
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KEGG COMPOUND
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4Abu
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ChEBI
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GABA
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IUPHAR
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GABA
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KEGG COMPOUND
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GAMMA-AMINO-BUTANOIC ACID
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PDBeChem
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γ-amino-n-butyric acid
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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γ-aminobutanoic acid
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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γ-Aminobuttersäure
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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γ-aminobutyric acid
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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gamma-Aminobutyric acid
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KEGG COMPOUND
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ω-aminobutyric acid
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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piperidic acid
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ChemIDplus
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piperidinic acid
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ChemIDplus
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49775
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Gmelin Registry Number
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Gmelin
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56-12-2
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CAS Registry Number
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ChemIDplus
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56-12-2
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CAS Registry Number
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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906818
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Reaxys Registry Number
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Reaxys
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10630630
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PubMed citation
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Europe PMC
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10930630
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PubMed citation
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Europe PMC
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16276116
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PubMed citation
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Europe PMC
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21614609
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PubMed citation
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Europe PMC
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22770225
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PubMed citation
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Europe PMC
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