| Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a vitamin found in food and sold as a dietary supplement. It is essential to the formation of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. These coenzymes are involved in energy metabolism, cellular respiration, and antibody production, as well as normal growth and development. The coenzymes are also required for the metabolism of niacin, vitamin B6, and folate. Riboflavin is prescribed to treat corneal thinning, and taken orally, may reduce the incidence of migraine headaches in adults.
Riboflavin deficiency is rare and is usually accompanied by deficiencies of other vitamins and nutrients. It may be prevented or treated by oral supplements or by injections. As a water-soluble vitamin, any riboflavin consumed in excess of nutritional requirements is not stored; it is either not absorbed or is absorbed and quickly excreted in urine, causing the urine to have a bright yellow tint. Natural sources of riboflavin include meat, fish and fowl, eggs, dairy products, green vegetables, mushrooms, and almonds. Some countries require its addition to grains.
In its purified, solid form, it is a water-soluble yellow-orange crystalline powder. In addition to its function as a vitamin, it is used as a food coloring agent. Biosynthesis takes place in bacteria, fungi and plants, but not animals. Industrial synthesis of riboflavin was initially achieved using a chemical process, but current commercial manufacturing relies on fermentation methods using strains of fungi and genetically modified bacteria. |
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InChI=1S/C22H27FN4O2/c1- 5-27(6-2)10-9-24-22(29)20-13(3)19(25-14(20)4)12-17-16-11-15(23)7-8-18(16)26-21(17)28/h7-8,11-12,25H,5-6,9-10H2,1-4H3,(H,24,29)(H,26,28)/b17-12- |
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EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
An EC 2.7.10.* (protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of receptor protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.1).
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
An antagonist at the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.
immunomodulator
Biologically active substance whose activity affects or plays a role in the functioning of the immune system.
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angiogenesis inhibitor
An agent and endogenous substances that antagonize or inhibit the development of new blood vessels.
antineoplastic agent
A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
immunomodulator
Biologically active substance whose activity affects or plays a role in the functioning of the immune system.
neuroprotective agent
Any compound that can be used for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-5-[(Z)-(5-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl]-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide
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