Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol used as a sweetener and medication. It is used as a low calorie sweetener as it is poorly absorbed by the intestines. As a medication, it is used to decrease pressure in the eyes, as in glaucoma, and to lower increased intracranial pressure. Medically, it is given by injection or inhalation. Effects typically begin within 15 minutes and last up to 8 hours.
Common side effects from medical use include electrolyte problems and dehydration. Other serious side effects may include worsening heart failure and kidney problems. It is unclear if use is safe in pregnancy. Mannitol is in the osmotic diuretic family of medications and works by pulling fluid from the brain and eyes.
The discovery of mannitol is attributed to Joseph Louis Proust in 1806. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It was originally made from the flowering ash and called manna due to its supposed resemblance to the Biblical food. Mannitol is on the World Anti-Doping Agency's banned substances list due to concerns that it may mask prohibited drugs. |
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oxidising agent
A substance that removes electrons from another reactant in a redox reaction.
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antibacterial agent
A substance (or active part thereof) that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.
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View more via ChEBI Ontology
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
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ChemIDplus
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2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
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ChemIDplus
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Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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t-butyl hydroperoxide
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ChEBI
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t-Butylhydroperoxide
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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TBHP
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ChEBI
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tert-butyl hydroperoxide
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UniProt
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tert-Butylhydroperoxide
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ChemIDplus
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Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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1098280
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Reaxys Registry Number
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Reaxys
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75-91-2
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CAS Registry Number
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NIST Chemistry WebBook
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75-91-2
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CAS Registry Number
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ChemIDplus
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