dbSNP Short Genetic Variations
Welcome to the Reference SNP (rs) Report
All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Click on the Variant Details tab for details on Genomic Placement, Gene, and Amino Acid changes. HGVS names are in the HGVS tab.
Reference SNP (rs) Report
This page reports data for a single dbSNP Reference SNP variation (RefSNP or rs) from the new redesigned dbSNP build.
Top of the page reports a concise summary for the rs, with more specific details included in the corresponding tabs below.
All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Use the Genomic View to inspect the nucleotides flanking the variant, and its neighbors.
For more information see Help documentation.
rs12843268
Current Build 156
Released September 21, 2022
- Organism
- Homo sapiens
- Position
-
chrX:43714419 (GRCh38.p14) Help
The anchor position for this RefSNP. Includes all nucleotides potentially affected by this change, thus it can differ from HGVS, which is right-shifted. See here for details.
- Alleles
- A>G
- Variation Type
- SNV Single Nucleotide Variation
- Frequency
-
A=0.439726 (116391/264690, TOPMED)A=0.325011 (40627/125002, ALFA)G=0.41250 (9153/22189, 14KJPN) (+ 13 more)
- Clinical Significance
- Not Reported in ClinVar
- Gene : Consequence
- MAOA : Intron Variant
- Publications
- 6 citations
- Genomic View
- See rs on genome
ALFA Allele Frequency
The ALFA project provide aggregate allele frequency from dbGaP. More information is available on the project page including descriptions, data access, and terms of use.
| Population | Group | Sample Size | Ref Allele | Alt Allele |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Global | 125002 | A=0.325011 | G=0.674989 |
| European | Sub | 109296 | A=0.300185 | G=0.699815 |
| African | Sub | 6627 | A=0.6649 | G=0.3351 |
| African Others | Sub | 242 | A=0.727 | G=0.273 |
| African American | Sub | 6385 | A=0.6625 | G=0.3375 |
| Asian | Sub | 636 | A=0.601 | G=0.399 |
| East Asian | Sub | 504 | A=0.607 | G=0.393 |
| Other Asian | Sub | 132 | A=0.576 | G=0.424 |
| Latin American 1 | Sub | 696 | A=0.392 | G=0.608 |
| Latin American 2 | Sub | 2274 | A=0.3320 | G=0.6680 |
| South Asian | Sub | 184 | A=0.685 | G=0.315 |
| Other | Sub | 5289 | A=0.3547 | G=0.6453 |
Frequency tab displays a table of the reference and alternate allele frequencies reported by various studies and populations. Table lines, where Population="Global" refer to the entire study population, whereas lines, where Group="Sub", refer to a study-specific population subgroupings (i.e. AFR, CAU, etc.), if available. Frequency for the alternate allele (Alt Allele) is a ratio of samples observed-to-total, where the numerator (observed samples) is the number of chromosomes in the study with the minor allele present (found in "Sample size", where Group="Sub"), and the denominator (total samples) is the total number of all chromosomes in the study for the variant (found in "Sample size", where Group="Study-wide" and Population="Global").
Download| Study | Population | Group | Sample Size | Ref Allele | Alt Allele |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TopMed | Global | Study-wide | 264690 | A=0.439726 | G=0.560274 |
| Allele Frequency Aggregator | Total | Global | 125002 | A=0.325011 | G=0.674989 |
| Allele Frequency Aggregator | European | Sub | 109296 | A=0.300185 | G=0.699815 |
| Allele Frequency Aggregator | African | Sub | 6627 | A=0.6649 | G=0.3351 |
| Allele Frequency Aggregator | Other | Sub | 5289 | A=0.3547 | G=0.6453 |
| Allele Frequency Aggregator | Latin American 2 | Sub | 2274 | A=0.3320 | G=0.6680 |
| Allele Frequency Aggregator | Latin American 1 | Sub | 696 | A=0.392 | G=0.608 |
| Allele Frequency Aggregator | Asian | Sub | 636 | A=0.601 | G=0.399 |
| Allele Frequency Aggregator | South Asian | Sub | 184 | A=0.685 | G=0.315 |
| 14KJPN | JAPANESE | Study-wide | 22189 | A=0.58750 | G=0.41250 |
| 8.3KJPN | JAPANESE | Study-wide | 12841 | A=0.58609 | G=0.41391 |
| 1000Genomes_30x | Global | Study-wide | 4805 | A=0.5232 | G=0.4768 |
| 1000Genomes_30x | African | Sub | 1328 | A=0.6905 | G=0.3095 |
| 1000Genomes_30x | Europe | Sub | 961 | A=0.280 | G=0.720 |
| 1000Genomes_30x | South Asian | Sub | 883 | A=0.657 | G=0.343 |
| 1000Genomes_30x | East Asian | Sub | 878 | A=0.573 | G=0.427 |
| 1000Genomes_30x | American | Sub | 755 | A=0.325 | G=0.675 |
| 1000Genomes | Global | Study-wide | 3775 | A=0.5293 | G=0.4707 |
| 1000Genomes | African | Sub | 1003 | A=0.6869 | G=0.3131 |
| 1000Genomes | Europe | Sub | 766 | A=0.290 | G=0.710 |
| 1000Genomes | East Asian | Sub | 764 | A=0.573 | G=0.427 |
| 1000Genomes | South Asian | Sub | 718 | A=0.657 | G=0.343 |
| 1000Genomes | American | Sub | 524 | A=0.338 | G=0.662 |
| UK 10K study - Twins | TWIN COHORT | Study-wide | 3708 | A=0.2967 | G=0.7033 |
| KOREAN population from KRGDB | KOREAN | Study-wide | 2926 | A=0.5588 | G=0.4412 |
| The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children | PARENT AND CHILD COHORT | Study-wide | 2889 | A=0.3074 | G=0.6926 |
| HapMap | Global | Study-wide | 1890 | A=0.5376 | G=0.4624 |
| HapMap | American | Sub | 770 | A=0.500 | G=0.500 |
| HapMap | African | Sub | 690 | A=0.625 | G=0.375 |
| HapMap | Asian | Sub | 254 | A=0.575 | G=0.425 |
| HapMap | Europe | Sub | 176 | A=0.307 | G=0.693 |
| SGDP_PRJ | Global | Study-wide | 328 | A=0.134 | G=0.866 |
| Qatari | Global | Study-wide | 108 | A=0.370 | G=0.630 |
| A Vietnamese Genetic Variation Database | Global | Study-wide | 48 | A=0.50 | G=0.50 |
| The Danish reference pan genome | Danish | Study-wide | 40 | A=0.20 | G=0.80 |
| Siberian | Global | Study-wide | 34 | A=0.24 | G=0.76 |
Variant Details tab shows known variant placements on genomic sequences: chromosomes (NC_), RefSeqGene, pseudogenes or genomic regions (NG_), and in a separate table: on transcripts (NM_) and protein sequences (NP_). The corresponding transcript and protein locations are listed in adjacent lines, along with molecular consequences from Sequence Ontology. When no protein placement is available, only the transcript is listed. Column "Codon[Amino acid]" shows the actual base change in the format of "Reference > Alternate" allele, including the nucleotide codon change in transcripts, and the amino acid change in proteins, respectively, allowing for known ribosomal slippage sites. To view nucleotides adjacent to the variant use the Genomic View at the bottom of the page - zoom into the sequence until the nucleotides around the variant become visible.
| Sequence name | Change |
|---|---|
| GRCh38.p14 chr X | NC_000023.11:g.43714419A>G |
| GRCh37.p13 chr X | NC_000023.10:g.43573666A>G |
| MAOA RefSeqGene | NG_008957.2:g.63259A>G |
| Molecule type | Change | Amino acid[Codon] | SO Term |
|---|---|---|---|
| MAOA transcript variant 1 | NM_000240.4:c.503+1623A>G | N/A | Intron Variant |
| MAOA transcript variant 2 |
NM_001270458.2:c.104+1623… NM_001270458.2:c.104+1623A>G |
N/A | Intron Variant |
Clinical Significance tab shows a list of clinical significance entries from ClinVar associated with the variation, per allele. Click on the RCV accession (i.e. RCV000001615.2) or Allele ID (i.e. 12274) to access full ClinVar report.
Aliases tab displays HGVS names representing the variant placements and allele changes on genomic, transcript and protein sequences, per allele. HGVS name is an expression for reporting sequence accession and version, sequence type, position, and allele change. The column "Note" can have two values: "diff" means that there is a difference between the reference allele (variation interval) at the placement reported in HGVS name and the reference alleles reported in other HGVS names, and "rev" means that the sequence of this variation interval at the placement reported in HGVS name is in reverse orientation to the sequence(s) of this variation in other HGVS names not labeled as "rev".
| Placement | A= | G |
|---|---|---|
| GRCh38.p14 chr X | NC_000023.11:g.43714419= | NC_000023.11:g.43714419A>G |
| GRCh37.p13 chr X | NC_000023.10:g.43573666= | NC_000023.10:g.43573666A>G |
| MAOA RefSeqGene | NG_008957.2:g.63259= | NG_008957.2:g.63259A>G |
| MAOA transcript variant 1 | NM_000240.3:c.503+1623= | NM_000240.3:c.503+1623A>G |
| MAOA transcript variant 1 | NM_000240.4:c.503+1623= | NM_000240.4:c.503+1623A>G |
| MAOA transcript variant 2 | NM_001270458.1:c.104+1623= | NM_001270458.1:c.104+1623A>G |
| MAOA transcript variant 2 | NM_001270458.2:c.104+1623= | NM_001270458.2:c.104+1623A>G |
Submissions tab displays variations originally submitted to dbSNP, now supporting this RefSNP cluster (rs). We display Submitter handle, Submission identifier, Date and Build number, when the submission appeared for the first time. Direct submissions to dbSNP have Submission ID in the form of an ss-prefixed number (ss#). Other supporting variations are listed in the table without ss#.
| No | Submitter | Submission ID | Date (Build) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SSAHASNP | ss21007659 | Apr 05, 2004 (121) |
| 2 | ILLUMINA | ss75287304 | Dec 06, 2007 (129) |
| 3 | HGSV | ss83066213 | Dec 15, 2007 (130) |
| 4 | 1000GENOMES | ss112871297 | Jan 25, 2009 (130) |
| 5 | 1000GENOMES | ss114662989 | Jan 25, 2009 (130) |
| 6 | KRIBB_YJKIM | ss119813261 | Dec 01, 2009 (131) |
| 7 | ILLUMINA | ss123335376 | Dec 01, 2009 (131) |
| 8 | ENSEMBL | ss133970598 | Dec 01, 2009 (131) |
| 9 | ILLUMINA | ss153286563 | Dec 01, 2009 (131) |
| 10 | ILLUMINA | ss160302440 | Dec 01, 2009 (131) |
| 11 | COMPLETE_GENOMICS | ss163098842 | Jul 04, 2010 (132) |
| 12 | COMPLETE_GENOMICS | ss164831921 | Jul 04, 2010 (132) |
| 13 | COMPLETE_GENOMICS | ss166213812 | Jul 04, 2010 (132) |
| 14 | ILLUMINA | ss170239362 | Jul 04, 2010 (132) |
| 15 | ILLUMINA | ss172256099 | Jul 04, 2010 (132) |
| 16 | BUSHMAN | ss204225329 | Jul 04, 2010 (132) |
| 17 | BCM-HGSC-SUB | ss208903726 | Jul 04, 2010 (132) |
| 18 | BL | ss255982934 | May 09, 2011 (134) |
| 19 | GMI | ss283741950 | May 04, 2012 (137) |
| 20 | GMI | ss287608599 | Apr 25, 2013 (138) |
| 21 | PJP | ss294548252 | May 09, 2011 (134) |
| 22 | 1000GENOMES | ss341453281 | May 09, 2011 (134) |
| 23 | ILLUMINA | ss479828385 | May 04, 2012 (137) |
| 24 | ILLUMINA | ss479835589 | May 04, 2012 (137) |
| 25 | ILLUMINA | ss480426594 | Sep 08, 2015 (146) |
| 26 | ILLUMINA | ss484712641 | May 04, 2012 (137) |
| 27 | ILLUMINA | ss536816619 | Sep 08, 2015 (146) |
| 28 | TISHKOFF | ss566850829 | Apr 25, 2013 (138) |
| 29 | SSMP | ss662785008 | Apr 25, 2013 (138) |
| 30 | ILLUMINA | ss778416550 | Aug 21, 2014 (142) |
| 31 | ILLUMINA | ss782803079 | Aug 21, 2014 (142) |
| 32 | ILLUMINA | ss783768526 | Aug 21, 2014 (142) |
| 33 | ILLUMINA | ss825665331 | Apr 01, 2015 (144) |
| 34 | ILLUMINA | ss832056104 | Apr 01, 2015 (144) |
| 35 | ILLUMINA | ss833871877 | Aug 21, 2014 (142) |
| 36 | JMKIDD_LAB | ss1082896664 | Aug 21, 2014 (142) |
| 37 | DDI | ss1432035302 | Apr 01, 2015 (144) |
| 38 | 1000GENOMES | ss1554248109 | Apr 01, 2015 (144) |
| 39 | EVA_GENOME_DK | ss1583381619 | Apr 01, 2015 (144) |
| 40 | EVA_UK10K_ALSPAC | ss1640681371 | Apr 01, 2015 (144) |
| 41 | EVA_UK10K_TWINSUK | ss1683675404 | Apr 01, 2015 (144) |
| 42 | ILLUMINA | ss1752806988 | Sep 08, 2015 (146) |
| 43 | WEILL_CORNELL_DGM | ss1939305959 | Feb 12, 2016 (147) |
| 44 | GENOMED | ss1971372784 | Jul 19, 2016 (147) |
| 45 | USC_VALOUEV | ss2159035048 | Dec 20, 2016 (150) |
| 46 | HUMAN_LONGEVITY | ss2317049528 | Dec 20, 2016 (150) |
| 47 | SYSTEMSBIOZJU | ss2629696750 | Nov 08, 2017 (151) |
| 48 | ILLUMINA | ss2634957204 | Nov 08, 2017 (151) |
| 49 | GRF | ss2710156776 | Nov 08, 2017 (151) |
| 50 | GNOMAD | ss2978332850 | Nov 08, 2017 (151) |
| 51 | SWEGEN | ss3019897214 | Nov 08, 2017 (151) |
| 52 | BIOINF_KMB_FNS_UNIBA | ss3029042091 | Nov 08, 2017 (151) |
| 53 | ILLUMINA | ss3630426580 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 54 | ILLUMINA | ss3632843559 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 55 | ILLUMINA | ss3633557915 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 56 | ILLUMINA | ss3634287665 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 57 | ILLUMINA | ss3635247815 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 58 | ILLUMINA | ss3635965020 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 59 | ILLUMINA | ss3636996374 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 60 | ILLUMINA | ss3637718486 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 61 | ILLUMINA | ss3638856333 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 62 | ILLUMINA | ss3640955298 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 63 | ILLUMINA | ss3643780637 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 64 | URBANLAB | ss3651269077 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 65 | ILLUMINA | ss3745548234 | Jul 13, 2019 (153) |
| 66 | EVA | ss3770116629 | Jul 13, 2019 (153) |
| 67 | ILLUMINA | ss3773039938 | Jul 13, 2019 (153) |
| 68 | PACBIO | ss3788894490 | Jul 13, 2019 (153) |
| 69 | PACBIO | ss3793758546 | Jul 13, 2019 (153) |
| 70 | PACBIO | ss3798643621 | Jul 13, 2019 (153) |
| 71 | KHV_HUMAN_GENOMES | ss3822948393 | Jul 13, 2019 (153) |
| 72 | EVA | ss3836157944 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 73 | EVA | ss3841692079 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 74 | EVA | ss3847211209 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 75 | SGDP_PRJ | ss3891343495 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 76 | KRGDB | ss3941746269 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 77 | TOPMED | ss5121344346 | Apr 26, 2021 (155) |
| 78 | TOMMO_GENOMICS | ss5234266619 | Apr 26, 2021 (155) |
| 79 | 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE | ss5312393174 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 80 | EVA | ss5316082175 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 81 | HUGCELL_USP | ss5504080002 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 82 | 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE | ss5620546980 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 83 | SANFORD_IMAGENETICS | ss5665161322 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 84 | TOMMO_GENOMICS | ss5795912628 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 85 | YY_MCH | ss5819013882 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 86 | EVA | ss5857070903 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 87 | EVA | ss5978162336 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 88 | EVA | ss5981155225 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 89 | 1000Genomes | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 90 | 1000Genomes_30x | NC_000023.11 - 43714419 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 91 | The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 92 | The Danish reference pan genome | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 93 | HapMap | NC_000023.11 - 43714419 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 94 | KOREAN population from KRGDB | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 95 | Qatari | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 96 | SGDP_PRJ | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 97 | Siberian | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Apr 27, 2020 (154) |
| 98 | 8.3KJPN | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Apr 26, 2021 (155) |
| 99 | 14KJPN | NC_000023.11 - 43714419 | Oct 16, 2022 (156) |
| 100 | TopMed | NC_000023.11 - 43714419 | Apr 26, 2021 (155) |
| 101 | UK 10K study - Twins | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Oct 12, 2018 (152) |
| 102 | A Vietnamese Genetic Variation Database | NC_000023.10 - 43573666 | Jul 13, 2019 (153) |
| 103 | ALFA | NC_000023.11 - 43714419 | Apr 26, 2021 (155) |
History tab displays RefSNPs (Associated ID) from previous builds (Build) that now support the current RefSNP, and the dates, when the history was updated for each Associated ID (History Updated).
| Associated ID | History Updated (Build) |
|---|---|
| rs60047570 | May 25, 2008 (130) |
| Submission IDs | Observation SPDI | Canonical SPDI | Source RSIDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| ss83066213 | NC_000023.8:43329919:A:G | NC_000023.11:43714418:A:G | (self) |
| ss112871297, ss114662989, ss160302440, ss163098842, ss164831921, ss166213812, ss204225329, ss208903726, ss255982934, ss283741950, ss287608599, ss294548252, ss479828385, ss825665331, ss3643780637 | NC_000023.9:43458609:A:G | NC_000023.11:43714418:A:G | (self) |
| 82224877, 45404510, 9546556, 48923663, 21347881, 43360475, 11551402, 92235926, 45404510, 10008344, ss341453281, ss479835589, ss480426594, ss484712641, ss536816619, ss566850829, ss662785008, ss778416550, ss782803079, ss783768526, ss832056104, ss833871877, ss1082896664, ss1432035302, ss1554248109, ss1583381619, ss1640681371, ss1683675404, ss1752806988, ss1939305959, ss1971372784, ss2159035048, ss2629696750, ss2634957204, ss2710156776, ss2978332850, ss3019897214, ss3630426580, ss3632843559, ss3633557915, ss3634287665, ss3635247815, ss3635965020, ss3636996374, ss3637718486, ss3638856333, ss3640955298, ss3745548234, ss3770116629, ss3773039938, ss3788894490, ss3793758546, ss3798643621, ss3836157944, ss3841692079, ss3891343495, ss3941746269, ss5234266619, ss5316082175, ss5665161322, ss5978162336, ss5981155225 | NC_000023.10:43573665:A:G | NC_000023.11:43714418:A:G | (self) |
| 108072915, 3978181, 129749732, 684950703, 8954937178, ss2317049528, ss3029042091, ss3651269077, ss3822948393, ss3847211209, ss5121344346, ss5312393174, ss5504080002, ss5620546980, ss5795912628, ss5819013882, ss5857070903 | NC_000023.11:43714418:A:G | NC_000023.11:43714418:A:G | (self) |
| ss75287304, ss119813261, ss123335376, ss133970598, ss153286563, ss170239362, ss172256099 | NT_079573.4:6425409:A:G | NC_000023.11:43714418:A:G | (self) |
| ss21007659 | NT_079579.1:20011:A:G | NC_000023.11:43714418:A:G | (self) |
Publications tab displays PubMed articles citing the variation as a listing of PMID, Title, Author, Year, Journal, ordered by Year, descending.
| PMID | Title | Author | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18726986 | Differential association between MAOA, ADHD and neuropsychological functioning in boys and girls. | Rommelse NN et al. | 2008 | American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics |
| 18937309 | Sexually dimorphic effects of four genes (COMT, SLC6A2, MAOA, SLC6A4) in genetic associations of ADHD: a preliminary study. | Biederman J et al. | 2008 | American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics |
| 22021758 | Interaction of early environment, gender and genes of monoamine neurotransmission in the aetiology of depression in a large population-based Finnish birth cohort. | Nyman ES et al. | 2011 | BMJ open |
| 22832821 | Working memory brain activity and capacity link MAOA polymorphism to aggressive behavior during development. | Ziermans T et al. | 2012 | Translational psychiatry |
| 23746540 | Neural mechanisms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms are stratified by MAOA genotype. | Nymberg C et al. | 2013 | Biological psychiatry |
| 27610078 | MAOA Influences the Trajectory of Attentional Development. | Lundwall RA et al. | 2016 | Frontiers in human neuroscience |
The Flanks tab provides retrieving flanking sequences of a SNP on all molecules that have placements.
Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
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Help
NCBI Graphical Sequence Viewer display of the genomic region, transcripts and protein products for the reported RefSNP (rs).
Use the zoom option to view the nucleotides around the RefSNP and find other neighboring RefSNPs.
Visit Sequence Viewer for help with navigating inside the display and modifying the selection of displayed data tracks.
NCBI Graphical Sequence Viewer display of the genomic region, transcripts and protein products for the reported RefSNP (rs).
Use the zoom option to view the nucleotides around the RefSNP and find other neighboring RefSNPs.
Visit Sequence Viewer for help with navigating inside the display and modifying the selection of displayed data tracks.