Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation

dbSNP Short Genetic Variations

Welcome to the Reference SNP (rs) Report

All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Click on the Variant Details tab for details on Genomic Placement, Gene, and Amino Acid changes. HGVS names are in the HGVS tab.

Reference SNP (rs) Report

This page reports data for a single dbSNP Reference SNP variation (RefSNP or rs) from the new redesigned dbSNP build.
Top of the page reports a concise summary for the rs, with more specific details included in the corresponding tabs below.
All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Use the Genomic View to inspect the nucleotides flanking the variant, and its neighbors.
For more information see Help documentation.

rs11547464

Current Build 156

Released September 21, 2022

Organism
Homo sapiens
Position
chr16:89919683 (GRCh38.p14) Help

The anchor position for this RefSNP. Includes all nucleotides potentially affected by this change, thus it can differ from HGVS, which is right-shifted. See here for details.

Alleles
G>A
Variation Type
SNV Single Nucleotide Variation
Frequency
A=0.005603 (1483/264690, TOPMED)
A=0.005323 (1298/243850, GnomAD_exome)
A=0.007482 (1478/197538, ALFA) (+ 15 more)
A=0.004798 (673/140270, GnomAD)
A=0.005003 (601/120116, ExAC)
A=0.00344 (271/78694, PAGE_STUDY)
A=0.00516 (67/12996, GO-ESP)
A=0.0028 (18/6404, 1000G_30x)
A=0.0028 (14/5008, 1000G)
A=0.0036 (16/4480, Estonian)
A=0.0067 (26/3854, ALSPAC)
A=0.0067 (25/3708, TWINSUK)
A=0.006 (6/998, GoNL)
A=0.006 (3/534, MGP)
A=0.003 (1/304, FINRISK)
A=0.037 (4/108, Ancient Sardinia)
G=0.5 (1/2, SGDP_PRJ)
A=0.5 (1/2, SGDP_PRJ)
Clinical Significance
Reported in ClinVar
Gene : Consequence
MC1R : Missense Variant
Publications
13 citations
Genomic View
See rs on genome

ALFA Allele Frequency
The ALFA project provide aggregate allele frequency from dbGaP. More information is available on the project page including descriptions, data access, and terms of use.

Release Version: 20230706150541
Population Group Sample Size Ref Allele Alt Allele
Total Global 213348 G=0.992735 A=0.007265
European Sub 174772 G=0.992012 A=0.007988
African Sub 11876 G=0.99891 A=0.00109
African Others Sub 430 G=1.000 A=0.000
African American Sub 11446 G=0.99886 A=0.00114
Asian Sub 6662 G=1.0000 A=0.0000
East Asian Sub 4786 G=1.0000 A=0.0000
Other Asian Sub 1876 G=1.0000 A=0.0000
Latin American 1 Sub 828 G=0.993 A=0.007
Latin American 2 Sub 1250 G=0.9936 A=0.0064
South Asian Sub 360 G=0.997 A=0.003
Other Sub 17600 G=0.99284 A=0.00716


Help

Frequency tab displays a table of the reference and alternate allele frequencies reported by various studies and populations. Table lines, where Population="Global" refer to the entire study population, whereas lines, where Group="Sub", refer to a study-specific population subgroupings (i.e. AFR, CAU, etc.), if available. Frequency for the alternate allele (Alt Allele) is a ratio of samples observed-to-total, where the numerator (observed samples) is the number of chromosomes in the study with the minor allele present (found in "Sample size", where Group="Sub"), and the denominator (total samples) is the total number of all chromosomes in the study for the variant (found in "Sample size", where Group="Study-wide" and Population="Global").

Download
Study Population Group Sample Size Ref Allele Alt Allele
TopMed Global Study-wide 264690 G=0.994397 A=0.005603
gnomAD - Exomes Global Study-wide 243850 G=0.994677 A=0.005323
gnomAD - Exomes European Sub 128748 G=0.993724 A=0.006276
gnomAD - Exomes Asian Sub 48526 G=0.99988 A=0.00012
gnomAD - Exomes American Sub 34492 G=0.99319 A=0.00681
gnomAD - Exomes African Sub 16012 G=0.99906 A=0.00094
gnomAD - Exomes Ashkenazi Jewish Sub 10028 G=0.98365 A=0.01635
gnomAD - Exomes Other Sub 6044 G=0.9884 A=0.0116
Allele Frequency Aggregator Total Global 197538 G=0.992518 A=0.007482
Allele Frequency Aggregator European Sub 165060 G=0.991912 A=0.008088
Allele Frequency Aggregator Other Sub 16246 G=0.99274 A=0.00726
Allele Frequency Aggregator African Sub 7132 G=0.9986 A=0.0014
Allele Frequency Aggregator Asian Sub 6662 G=1.0000 A=0.0000
Allele Frequency Aggregator Latin American 2 Sub 1250 G=0.9936 A=0.0064
Allele Frequency Aggregator Latin American 1 Sub 828 G=0.993 A=0.007
Allele Frequency Aggregator South Asian Sub 360 G=0.997 A=0.003
gnomAD - Genomes Global Study-wide 140270 G=0.995202 A=0.004798
gnomAD - Genomes European Sub 75946 G=0.99415 A=0.00585
gnomAD - Genomes African Sub 42048 G=0.99855 A=0.00145
gnomAD - Genomes American Sub 13666 G=0.99305 A=0.00695
gnomAD - Genomes Ashkenazi Jewish Sub 3324 G=0.9819 A=0.0181
gnomAD - Genomes East Asian Sub 3132 G=0.9997 A=0.0003
gnomAD - Genomes Other Sub 2154 G=0.9944 A=0.0056
ExAC Global Study-wide 120116 G=0.994997 A=0.005003
ExAC Europe Sub 72700 G=0.99325 A=0.00675
ExAC Asian Sub 25044 G=0.99988 A=0.00012
ExAC American Sub 11530 G=0.99211 A=0.00789
ExAC African Sub 9948 G=0.9989 A=0.0011
ExAC Other Sub 894 G=0.994 A=0.006
The PAGE Study Global Study-wide 78694 G=0.99656 A=0.00344
The PAGE Study AfricanAmerican Sub 32512 G=0.99862 A=0.00138
The PAGE Study Mexican Sub 10808 G=0.99177 A=0.00823
The PAGE Study Asian Sub 8318 G=1.0000 A=0.0000
The PAGE Study PuertoRican Sub 7918 G=0.9937 A=0.0063
The PAGE Study NativeHawaiian Sub 4534 G=0.9991 A=0.0009
The PAGE Study Cuban Sub 4228 G=0.9922 A=0.0078
The PAGE Study Dominican Sub 3828 G=0.9924 A=0.0076
The PAGE Study CentralAmerican Sub 2450 G=0.9947 A=0.0053
The PAGE Study SouthAmerican Sub 1982 G=0.9975 A=0.0025
The PAGE Study NativeAmerican Sub 1260 G=0.9976 A=0.0024
The PAGE Study SouthAsian Sub 856 G=1.000 A=0.000
GO Exome Sequencing Project Global Study-wide 12996 G=0.99484 A=0.00516
GO Exome Sequencing Project European American Sub 8600 G=0.9926 A=0.0074
GO Exome Sequencing Project African American Sub 4396 G=0.9993 A=0.0007
1000Genomes_30x Global Study-wide 6404 G=0.9972 A=0.0028
1000Genomes_30x African Sub 1786 G=0.9994 A=0.0006
1000Genomes_30x Europe Sub 1266 G=0.9913 A=0.0087
1000Genomes_30x South Asian Sub 1202 G=1.0000 A=0.0000
1000Genomes_30x East Asian Sub 1170 G=1.0000 A=0.0000
1000Genomes_30x American Sub 980 G=0.994 A=0.006
1000Genomes Global Study-wide 5008 G=0.9972 A=0.0028
1000Genomes African Sub 1322 G=0.9992 A=0.0008
1000Genomes East Asian Sub 1008 G=1.0000 A=0.0000
1000Genomes Europe Sub 1006 G=0.9911 A=0.0089
1000Genomes South Asian Sub 978 G=1.000 A=0.000
1000Genomes American Sub 694 G=0.994 A=0.006
Genetic variation in the Estonian population Estonian Study-wide 4480 G=0.9964 A=0.0036
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children PARENT AND CHILD COHORT Study-wide 3854 G=0.9933 A=0.0067
UK 10K study - Twins TWIN COHORT Study-wide 3708 G=0.9933 A=0.0067
Genome of the Netherlands Release 5 Genome of the Netherlands Study-wide 998 G=0.994 A=0.006
Medical Genome Project healthy controls from Spanish population Spanish controls Study-wide 534 G=0.994 A=0.006
FINRISK Finnish from FINRISK project Study-wide 304 G=0.997 A=0.003
Ancient Sardinia genome-wide 1240k capture data generation and analysis Global Study-wide 108 G=0.963 A=0.037
SGDP_PRJ Global Study-wide 2 G=0.5 A=0.5
Help

Variant Details tab shows known variant placements on genomic sequences: chromosomes (NC_), RefSeqGene, pseudogenes or genomic regions (NG_), and in a separate table: on transcripts (NM_) and protein sequences (NP_). The corresponding transcript and protein locations are listed in adjacent lines, along with molecular consequences from Sequence Ontology. When no protein placement is available, only the transcript is listed. Column "Codon[Amino acid]" shows the actual base change in the format of "Reference > Alternate" allele, including the nucleotide codon change in transcripts, and the amino acid change in proteins, respectively, allowing for known ribosomal slippage sites. To view nucleotides adjacent to the variant use the Genomic View at the bottom of the page - zoom into the sequence until the nucleotides around the variant become visible.

Genomic Placements
Sequence name Change
GRCh38.p14 chr 16 NC_000016.10:g.89919683G>A
GRCh37.p13 chr 16 NC_000016.9:g.89986091G>A
TUBB3 RefSeqGene NG_027810.1:g.2675G>A
MC1R RefSeqGene NG_012026.1:g.6805G>A
Gene: MC1R, melanocortin 1 receptor (plus strand)
Molecule type Change Amino acid[Codon] SO Term
MC1R transcript NM_002386.4:c.425G>A R [CGC] > H [CAC] Coding Sequence Variant
melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor NP_002377.4:p.Arg142His R (Arg) > H (His) Missense Variant
Help

Clinical Significance tab shows a list of clinical significance entries from ClinVar associated with the variation, per allele. Click on the RCV accession (i.e. RCV000001615.2) or Allele ID (i.e. 12274) to access full ClinVar report.

Allele: A (allele ID: 242565 )
ClinVar Accession Disease Names Clinical Significance
RCV000227554.12 Melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 5 Benign-Likely-Benign
RCV001172103.9 not provided Likely-Benign
Help

Aliases tab displays HGVS names representing the variant placements and allele changes on genomic, transcript and protein sequences, per allele. HGVS name is an expression for reporting sequence accession and version, sequence type, position, and allele change. The column "Note" can have two values: "diff" means that there is a difference between the reference allele (variation interval) at the placement reported in HGVS name and the reference alleles reported in other HGVS names, and "rev" means that the sequence of this variation interval at the placement reported in HGVS name is in reverse orientation to the sequence(s) of this variation in other HGVS names not labeled as "rev".

Placement G= A
GRCh38.p14 chr 16 NC_000016.10:g.89919683= NC_000016.10:g.89919683G>A
GRCh37.p13 chr 16 NC_000016.9:g.89986091= NC_000016.9:g.89986091G>A
TUBB3 RefSeqGene NG_027810.1:g.2675= NG_027810.1:g.2675G>A
MC1R RefSeqGene NG_012026.1:g.6805= NG_012026.1:g.6805G>A
MC1R transcript NM_002386.4:c.425= NM_002386.4:c.425G>A
MC1R transcript NM_002386.3:c.425= NM_002386.3:c.425G>A
melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor NP_002377.4:p.Arg142= NP_002377.4:p.Arg142His
Help

Submissions tab displays variations originally submitted to dbSNP, now supporting this RefSNP cluster (rs). We display Submitter handle, Submission identifier, Date and Build number, when the submission appeared for the first time. Direct submissions to dbSNP have Submission ID in the form of an ss-prefixed number (ss#). Other supporting variations are listed in the table without ss#.

69 SubSNP, 17 Frequency, 2 ClinVar submissions
No Submitter Submission ID Date (Build)
1 CGAP-GAI ss16245653 Feb 28, 2004 (120)
2 SNP500CANCER ss48295630 Mar 13, 2006 (126)
3 ILLUMINA ss159980039 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
4 BCM-HGSC-SUB ss207673582 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
5 1000GENOMES ss339495617 May 09, 2011 (134)
6 ILLUMINA ss479985969 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
7 EXOME_CHIP ss491513799 May 04, 2012 (137)
8 CLINSEQ_SNP ss491725589 May 04, 2012 (137)
9 ILLUMINA ss536696904 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
10 NHLBI-ESP ss713340308 Apr 25, 2013 (138)
11 ILLUMINA ss778689520 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
12 ILLUMINA ss780722555 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
13 ILLUMINA ss783398383 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
14 ILLUMINA ss834148233 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
15 EVA-GONL ss992830729 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
16 1000GENOMES ss1357561446 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
17 EVA_FINRISK ss1584102411 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
18 EVA_UK10K_ALSPAC ss1635117237 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
19 EVA_UK10K_TWINSUK ss1678111270 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
20 EVA_EXAC ss1692487479 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
21 EVA_DECODE ss1696872308 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
22 EVA_MGP ss1711441354 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
23 ILLUMINA ss1752213138 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
24 ILLUMINA ss1917911990 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
25 ILLUMINA ss1946424251 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
26 ILLUMINA ss1959711639 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
27 JJLAB ss2028926296 Sep 14, 2016 (149)
28 HUMAN_LONGEVITY ss2214824184 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
29 ILLUMINA ss2633363339 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
30 GNOMAD ss2742271340 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
31 GNOMAD ss2749635795 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
32 GNOMAD ss2946702228 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
33 AFFY ss2985080452 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
34 SWEGEN ss3015041391 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
35 ILLUMINA ss3021742094 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
36 ILLUMINA ss3627602947 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
37 ILLUMINA ss3627602948 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
38 ILLUMINA ss3631346733 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
39 ILLUMINA ss3634658688 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
40 ILLUMINA ss3636350094 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
41 ILLUMINA ss3640366008 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
42 ILLUMINA ss3644677332 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
43 ILLUMINA ss3652154493 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
44 ILLUMINA ss3653852549 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
45 EGCUT_WGS ss3682019193 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
46 EVA_DECODE ss3699905746 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
47 ILLUMINA ss3725591490 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
48 ILLUMINA ss3744436939 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
49 ILLUMINA ss3744959051 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
50 PAGE_CC ss3771903552 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
51 ILLUMINA ss3772457155 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
52 EVA ss3825053885 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
53 EVA ss3825887454 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
54 SGDP_PRJ ss3885136853 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
55 NORTHRUP_AU ss3983909051 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
56 EVA ss3985776303 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
57 EVA ss3986703907 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
58 TOPMED ss5026622738 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
59 EVA ss5237667448 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
60 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE ss5302107354 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
61 EVA ss5425824620 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
62 HUGCELL_USP ss5495328316 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
63 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE ss5605329367 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
64 SANFORD_IMAGENETICS ss5659545421 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
65 EVA ss5846860259 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
66 EVA ss5847783828 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
67 EVA ss5848435442 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
68 EVA ss5900402873 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
69 EVA ss5950960238 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
70 1000Genomes NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
71 1000Genomes_30x NC_000016.10 - 89919683 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
72 The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
73 Genetic variation in the Estonian population NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
74 ExAC NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
75 FINRISK NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
76 gnomAD - Genomes NC_000016.10 - 89919683 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
77 gnomAD - Exomes NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
78 GO Exome Sequencing Project NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
79 Genome of the Netherlands Release 5 NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
80 Medical Genome Project healthy controls from Spanish population NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
81 The PAGE Study NC_000016.10 - 89919683 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
82 Ancient Sardinia genome-wide 1240k capture data generation and analysis NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
83 SGDP_PRJ NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
84 TopMed NC_000016.10 - 89919683 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
85 UK 10K study - Twins NC_000016.9 - 89986091 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
86 ALFA NC_000016.10 - 89919683 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
87 ClinVar RCV000227554.12 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
88 ClinVar RCV001172103.9 Oct 16, 2022 (156)
Help

History tab displays RefSNPs (Associated ID) from previous builds (Build) that now support the current RefSNP, and the dates, when the history was updated for each Associated ID (History Updated).

Added to this RefSNP Cluster:
Submission IDs Observation SPDI Canonical SPDI Source RSIDs
ss207673582, ss491725589, ss1696872308 NC_000016.8:88513591:G:A NC_000016.10:89919682:G:A (self)
70762809, 39253506, 27757441, 2907935, 98872, 11564223, 1511029, 17497976, 557114, 1002230, 37153833, 39253506, ss339495617, ss479985969, ss491513799, ss536696904, ss713340308, ss778689520, ss780722555, ss783398383, ss834148233, ss992830729, ss1357561446, ss1584102411, ss1635117237, ss1678111270, ss1692487479, ss1711441354, ss1752213138, ss1917911990, ss1946424251, ss1959711639, ss2028926296, ss2633363339, ss2742271340, ss2749635795, ss2946702228, ss2985080452, ss3015041391, ss3021742094, ss3627602947, ss3627602948, ss3631346733, ss3634658688, ss3636350094, ss3640366008, ss3644677332, ss3652154493, ss3653852549, ss3682019193, ss3744436939, ss3744959051, ss3772457155, ss3825053885, ss3825887454, ss3885136853, ss3983909051, ss3985776303, ss3986703907, ss5425824620, ss5659545421, ss5846860259, ss5847783828, ss5848435442, ss5950960238 NC_000016.9:89986090:G:A NC_000016.10:89919682:G:A (self)
RCV000227554.12, RCV001172103.9, 92855302, 498997362, 1125021, 242168399, 10199068322, ss2214824184, ss3699905746, ss3725591490, ss3771903552, ss5026622738, ss5237667448, ss5302107354, ss5495328316, ss5605329367, ss5900402873 NC_000016.10:89919682:G:A NC_000016.10:89919682:G:A (self)
ss16245653, ss48295630, ss159980039 NT_010542.15:1546707:G:A NC_000016.10:89919682:G:A (self)
Help

Publications tab displays PubMed articles citing the variation as a listing of PMID, Title, Author, Year, Journal, ordered by Year, descending.

13 citations for rs11547464
PMID Title Author Year Journal
10403794 Loss of function mutations of the human melanocortin 1 receptor are common and are associated with red hair. Schiöth HB et al. 1999 Biochemical and biophysical research communications
18366057 MC1R variants, melanoma and red hair color phenotype: a meta-analysis. Raimondi S et al. 2008 International journal of cancer
19585506 Melanocortin receptor 1 variants and melanoma risk: a study of 2 European populations. Scherer D et al. 2009 International journal of cancer
19710684 Multiple pigmentation gene polymorphisms account for a substantial proportion of risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Duffy DL et al. 2010 The Journal of investigative dermatology
19924138 Functional MC1R-gene variants are associated with increased risk for severe photoaging of facial skin. Elfakir A et al. 2010 The Journal of investigative dermatology
20585627 Web-based, participant-driven studies yield novel genetic associations for common traits. Eriksson N et al. 2010 PLoS genetics
21128237 Melanocortin 1 receptor and risk of cutaneous melanoma: a meta-analysis and estimates of population burden. Williams PF et al. 2011 International journal of cancer
21197618 Model-based prediction of human hair color using DNA variants. Branicki W et al. 2011 Human genetics
22095742 MiR-17-92 cluster regulates cell proliferation and collagen synthesis by targeting TGFB pathway in mouse palatal mesenchymal cells. Li L et al. 2012 Journal of cellular biochemistry
25945350 Variants of SCARB1 and VDR Involved in Complex Genetic Interactions May Be Implicated in the Genetic Susceptibility to Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Pośpiech E et al. 2015 BioMed research international
26547235 Crowdsourced direct-to-consumer genomic analysis of a family quartet. Corpas M et al. 2015 BMC genomics
26848990 Biochip-Based Genotyping Assay for Detection of Polymorphisms in Pigmentation Genes Associated with Cutaneous Melanoma. Fesenko DO et al. 2016 Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers
35176104 Unveiling forensically relevant biogeographic, phenotype and Y-chromosome SNP variation in Pakistani ethnic groups using a customized hybridisation enrichment forensic intelligence panel. Rauf S et al. 2022 PloS one
Help

The Flanks tab provides retrieving flanking sequences of a SNP on all molecules that have placements.

Genome context:
Select flank length:

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
Top Help

NCBI Graphical Sequence Viewer display of the genomic region, transcripts and protein products for the reported RefSNP (rs).
Use the zoom option to view the nucleotides around the RefSNP and find other neighboring RefSNPs.
Visit Sequence Viewer for help with navigating inside the display and modifying the selection of displayed data tracks.

Software version is: 2.0.1.post761+d5e8e07