Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation

dbSNP Short Genetic Variations

Welcome to the Reference SNP (rs) Report

All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Click on the Variant Details tab for details on Genomic Placement, Gene, and Amino Acid changes. HGVS names are in the HGVS tab.

Reference SNP (rs) Report

This page reports data for a single dbSNP Reference SNP variation (RefSNP or rs) from the new redesigned dbSNP build.
Top of the page reports a concise summary for the rs, with more specific details included in the corresponding tabs below.
All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Use the Genomic View to inspect the nucleotides flanking the variant, and its neighbors.
For more information see Help documentation.

rs28777

Current Build 156

Released September 21, 2022

Organism
Homo sapiens
Position
chr5:33958854 (GRCh38.p14) Help

The anchor position for this RefSNP. Includes all nucleotides potentially affected by this change, thus it can differ from HGVS, which is right-shifted. See here for details.

Alleles
C>A / C>G
Variation Type
SNV Single Nucleotide Variation
Frequency
C=0.357652 (94667/264690, TOPMED)
C=0.114994 (18155/157878, ALFA)
A=0.13214 (3734/28258, 14KJPN) (+ 19 more)
A=0.13055 (2188/16760, 8.3KJPN)
A=0.3795 (2430/6404, 1000G_30x)
A=0.3790 (1898/5008, 1000G)
C=0.0158 (71/4480, Estonian)
C=0.0301 (116/3854, ALSPAC)
C=0.0243 (90/3708, TWINSUK)
A=0.0857 (251/2930, KOREAN)
A=0.3671 (765/2084, HGDP_Stanford)
A=0.3936 (736/1870, HapMap)
C=0.2862 (324/1132, Daghestan)
C=0.018 (18/998, GoNL)
A=0.109 (86/790, PRJEB37584)
C=0.030 (18/600, NorthernSweden)
C=0.263 (72/274, SGDP_PRJ)
A=0.190 (41/216, Qatari)
A=0.075 (16/214, Vietnamese)
A=0.37 (22/60, Ancient Sardinia)
C=0.07 (3/44, Siberian)
C=0.05 (2/40, GENOME_DK)
Clinical Significance
Not Reported in ClinVar
Gene : Consequence
SLC45A2 : Intron Variant
Publications
17 citations
Genomic View
See rs on genome

ALFA Allele Frequency
The ALFA project provide aggregate allele frequency from dbGaP. More information is available on the project page including descriptions, data access, and terms of use.

Release Version: 20230706150541
Population Group Sample Size Ref Allele Alt Allele
Total Global 157972 C=0.114963 A=0.885037, G=0.000000
European Sub 135126 C=0.037217 A=0.962783, G=0.000000
African Sub 8406 C=0.7509 A=0.2491, G=0.0000
African Others Sub 306 C=0.869 A=0.131, G=0.000
African American Sub 8100 C=0.7464 A=0.2536, G=0.0000
Asian Sub 374 C=0.896 A=0.104, G=0.000
East Asian Sub 266 C=0.929 A=0.071, G=0.000
Other Asian Sub 108 C=0.815 A=0.185, G=0.000
Latin American 1 Sub 608 C=0.339 A=0.661, G=0.000
Latin American 2 Sub 2150 C=0.5321 A=0.4679, G=0.0000
South Asian Sub 4900 C=0.7614 A=0.2386, G=0.0000
Other Sub 6408 C=0.2191 A=0.7809, G=0.0000


Help

Frequency tab displays a table of the reference and alternate allele frequencies reported by various studies and populations. Table lines, where Population="Global" refer to the entire study population, whereas lines, where Group="Sub", refer to a study-specific population subgroupings (i.e. AFR, CAU, etc.), if available. Frequency for the alternate allele (Alt Allele) is a ratio of samples observed-to-total, where the numerator (observed samples) is the number of chromosomes in the study with the minor allele present (found in "Sample size", where Group="Sub"), and the denominator (total samples) is the total number of all chromosomes in the study for the variant (found in "Sample size", where Group="Study-wide" and Population="Global").

Download
Study Population Group Sample Size Ref Allele Alt Allele
TopMed Global Study-wide 264690 C=0.357652 A=0.642348
Allele Frequency Aggregator Total Global 157878 C=0.114994 A=0.885006, G=0.000000
Allele Frequency Aggregator European Sub 135050 C=0.037201 A=0.962799, G=0.000000
Allele Frequency Aggregator African Sub 8406 C=0.7509 A=0.2491, G=0.0000
Allele Frequency Aggregator Other Sub 6390 C=0.2196 A=0.7804, G=0.0000
Allele Frequency Aggregator South Asian Sub 4900 C=0.7614 A=0.2386, G=0.0000
Allele Frequency Aggregator Latin American 2 Sub 2150 C=0.5321 A=0.4679, G=0.0000
Allele Frequency Aggregator Latin American 1 Sub 608 C=0.339 A=0.661, G=0.000
Allele Frequency Aggregator Asian Sub 374 C=0.896 A=0.104, G=0.000
14KJPN JAPANESE Study-wide 28258 C=0.86786 A=0.13214
8.3KJPN JAPANESE Study-wide 16760 C=0.86945 A=0.13055
1000Genomes_30x Global Study-wide 6404 C=0.6205 A=0.3795
1000Genomes_30x African Sub 1786 C=0.8091 A=0.1909
1000Genomes_30x Europe Sub 1266 C=0.0474 A=0.9526
1000Genomes_30x South Asian Sub 1202 C=0.7854 A=0.2146
1000Genomes_30x East Asian Sub 1170 C=0.8786 A=0.1214
1000Genomes_30x American Sub 980 C=0.507 A=0.493
1000Genomes Global Study-wide 5008 C=0.6210 A=0.3790
1000Genomes African Sub 1322 C=0.8048 A=0.1952
1000Genomes East Asian Sub 1008 C=0.8829 A=0.1171
1000Genomes Europe Sub 1006 C=0.0437 A=0.9563
1000Genomes South Asian Sub 978 C=0.777 A=0.223
1000Genomes American Sub 694 C=0.507 A=0.493
Genetic variation in the Estonian population Estonian Study-wide 4480 C=0.0158 A=0.9842
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children PARENT AND CHILD COHORT Study-wide 3854 C=0.0301 A=0.9699
UK 10K study - Twins TWIN COHORT Study-wide 3708 C=0.0243 A=0.9757
KOREAN population from KRGDB KOREAN Study-wide 2930 C=0.9143 A=0.0857
HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 Global Study-wide 2084 C=0.6329 A=0.3671
HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 Est_Asia Sub 470 C=0.879 A=0.121
HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 Central_South_Asia Sub 414 C=0.643 A=0.357
HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 Middle_Est Sub 350 C=0.411 A=0.589
HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 Europe Sub 320 C=0.119 A=0.881
HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 Africa Sub 242 C=0.864 A=0.136
HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 America Sub 216 C=0.963 A=0.037
HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 Oceania Sub 72 C=0.57 A=0.43
HapMap Global Study-wide 1870 C=0.6064 A=0.3936
HapMap American Sub 768 C=0.516 A=0.484
HapMap African Sub 680 C=0.769 A=0.231
HapMap Asian Sub 248 C=0.851 A=0.149
HapMap Europe Sub 174 C=0.023 A=0.977
Genome-wide autozygosity in Daghestan Global Study-wide 1132 C=0.2862 A=0.7138
Genome-wide autozygosity in Daghestan Daghestan Sub 628 C=0.154 A=0.846
Genome-wide autozygosity in Daghestan Near_East Sub 144 C=0.479 A=0.521
Genome-wide autozygosity in Daghestan Central Asia Sub 120 C=0.550 A=0.450
Genome-wide autozygosity in Daghestan Europe Sub 108 C=0.056 A=0.944
Genome-wide autozygosity in Daghestan South Asian Sub 96 C=0.79 A=0.21
Genome-wide autozygosity in Daghestan Caucasus Sub 36 C=0.28 A=0.72
Genome of the Netherlands Release 5 Genome of the Netherlands Study-wide 998 C=0.018 A=0.982
CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas Global Study-wide 790 C=0.891 A=0.109
CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas CRM Sub 790 C=0.891 A=0.109
Northern Sweden ACPOP Study-wide 600 C=0.030 A=0.970
SGDP_PRJ Global Study-wide 274 C=0.263 A=0.737
Qatari Global Study-wide 216 C=0.810 A=0.190
A Vietnamese Genetic Variation Database Global Study-wide 214 C=0.925 A=0.075
Ancient Sardinia genome-wide 1240k capture data generation and analysis Global Study-wide 60 C=0.63 A=0.37
Siberian Global Study-wide 44 C=0.07 A=0.93
The Danish reference pan genome Danish Study-wide 40 C=0.05 A=0.95
Help

Variant Details tab shows known variant placements on genomic sequences: chromosomes (NC_), RefSeqGene, pseudogenes or genomic regions (NG_), and in a separate table: on transcripts (NM_) and protein sequences (NP_). The corresponding transcript and protein locations are listed in adjacent lines, along with molecular consequences from Sequence Ontology. When no protein placement is available, only the transcript is listed. Column "Codon[Amino acid]" shows the actual base change in the format of "Reference > Alternate" allele, including the nucleotide codon change in transcripts, and the amino acid change in proteins, respectively, allowing for known ribosomal slippage sites. To view nucleotides adjacent to the variant use the Genomic View at the bottom of the page - zoom into the sequence until the nucleotides around the variant become visible.

Genomic Placements
Sequence name Change
GRCh38.p14 chr 5 NC_000005.10:g.33958854C>A
GRCh38.p14 chr 5 NC_000005.10:g.33958854C>G
GRCh37.p13 chr 5 NC_000005.9:g.33958959C>A
GRCh37.p13 chr 5 NC_000005.9:g.33958959C>G
SLC45A2 RefSeqGene NG_011691.2:g.30822G>T
SLC45A2 RefSeqGene NG_011691.2:g.30822G>C
GRCh38.p14 chr 5 alt locus HSCHR5_6_CTG1 NT_187551.1:g.160176C>A
GRCh38.p14 chr 5 alt locus HSCHR5_6_CTG1 NT_187551.1:g.160176C>G
Gene: SLC45A2, solute carrier family 45 member 2 (minus strand)
Molecule type Change Amino acid[Codon] SO Term
SLC45A2 transcript variant 2 NM_001012509.4:c.889-4350…

NM_001012509.4:c.889-4350G>T

N/A Intron Variant
SLC45A2 transcript variant 3 NM_001297417.4:c.563-4350…

NM_001297417.4:c.563-4350G>T

N/A Intron Variant
SLC45A2 transcript variant 1 NM_016180.5:c.889-4350G>T N/A Intron Variant
SLC45A2 transcript variant X1 XM_047417259.1:c.649-4350…

XM_047417259.1:c.649-4350G>T

N/A Intron Variant
SLC45A2 transcript variant X2 XM_047417260.1:c. N/A Genic Downstream Transcript Variant
Help

Clinical Significance tab shows a list of clinical significance entries from ClinVar associated with the variation, per allele. Click on the RCV accession (i.e. RCV000001615.2) or Allele ID (i.e. 12274) to access full ClinVar report.

Not Reported in ClinVar
Help

Aliases tab displays HGVS names representing the variant placements and allele changes on genomic, transcript and protein sequences, per allele. HGVS name is an expression for reporting sequence accession and version, sequence type, position, and allele change. The column "Note" can have two values: "diff" means that there is a difference between the reference allele (variation interval) at the placement reported in HGVS name and the reference alleles reported in other HGVS names, and "rev" means that the sequence of this variation interval at the placement reported in HGVS name is in reverse orientation to the sequence(s) of this variation in other HGVS names not labeled as "rev".

Placement C= A G
GRCh38.p14 chr 5 NC_000005.10:g.33958854= NC_000005.10:g.33958854C>A NC_000005.10:g.33958854C>G
GRCh37.p13 chr 5 NC_000005.9:g.33958959= NC_000005.9:g.33958959C>A NC_000005.9:g.33958959C>G
SLC45A2 RefSeqGene NG_011691.2:g.30822= NG_011691.2:g.30822G>T NG_011691.2:g.30822G>C
GRCh38.p14 chr 5 alt locus HSCHR5_6_CTG1 NT_187551.1:g.160176= NT_187551.1:g.160176C>A NT_187551.1:g.160176C>G
SLC45A2 transcript variant 2 NM_001012509.2:c.889-4350= NM_001012509.2:c.889-4350G>T NM_001012509.2:c.889-4350G>C
SLC45A2 transcript variant 2 NM_001012509.4:c.889-4350= NM_001012509.4:c.889-4350G>T NM_001012509.4:c.889-4350G>C
SLC45A2 transcript variant 3 NM_001297417.4:c.563-4350= NM_001297417.4:c.563-4350G>T NM_001297417.4:c.563-4350G>C
SLC45A2 transcript variant 1 NM_016180.3:c.889-4350= NM_016180.3:c.889-4350G>T NM_016180.3:c.889-4350G>C
SLC45A2 transcript variant 1 NM_016180.5:c.889-4350= NM_016180.5:c.889-4350G>T NM_016180.5:c.889-4350G>C
SLC45A2 transcript variant X1 XM_005248311.1:c.563-4350= XM_005248311.1:c.563-4350G>T XM_005248311.1:c.563-4350G>C
SLC45A2 transcript variant X1 XM_047417259.1:c.649-4350= XM_047417259.1:c.649-4350G>T XM_047417259.1:c.649-4350G>C
Help

Submissions tab displays variations originally submitted to dbSNP, now supporting this RefSNP cluster (rs). We display Submitter handle, Submission identifier, Date and Build number, when the submission appeared for the first time. Direct submissions to dbSNP have Submission ID in the form of an ss-prefixed number (ss#). Other supporting variations are listed in the table without ss#.

137 SubSNP, 24 Frequency submissions
No Submitter Submission ID Date (Build)
1 KWOK ss37530 May 08, 2000 (76)
2 KWOK ss38841 May 08, 2000 (76)
3 KWOK ss1181829 Oct 04, 2000 (86)
4 TSC-CSHL ss1473662 Oct 04, 2000 (86)
5 KWOK ss1581083 Oct 18, 2000 (87)
6 SC_JCM ss3576398 Sep 28, 2001 (100)
7 SSAHASNP ss22361085 Apr 05, 2004 (121)
8 ABI ss44639742 Mar 14, 2006 (126)
9 ILLUMINA ss67280613 Nov 30, 2006 (127)
10 ILLUMINA ss67682641 Nov 30, 2006 (127)
11 ILLUMINA ss68214300 Dec 12, 2006 (127)
12 ILLUMINA ss70759129 May 25, 2008 (130)
13 ILLUMINA ss71332708 May 17, 2007 (127)
14 ILLUMINA ss75869807 Dec 06, 2007 (129)
15 KRIBB_YJKIM ss83353914 Dec 15, 2007 (130)
16 BCMHGSC_JDW ss93054684 Mar 24, 2008 (129)
17 HUMANGENOME_JCVI ss98610242 Feb 06, 2009 (130)
18 BGI ss104184542 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
19 1000GENOMES ss108947802 Jan 23, 2009 (130)
20 1000GENOMES ss111672265 Jan 25, 2009 (130)
21 ENSEMBL ss143019570 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
22 ILLUMINA ss154243254 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
23 GMI ss155279569 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
24 ILLUMINA ss159420009 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
25 ILLUMINA ss160594287 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
26 COMPLETE_GENOMICS ss162160816 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
27 COMPLETE_GENOMICS ss164667187 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
28 ILLUMINA ss173519735 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
29 BUSHMAN ss200096212 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
30 BCM-HGSC-SUB ss206955688 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
31 1000GENOMES ss221616062 Jul 14, 2010 (132)
32 1000GENOMES ss232898717 Jul 14, 2010 (132)
33 1000GENOMES ss240082368 Jul 15, 2010 (132)
34 BL ss253359509 May 09, 2011 (134)
35 GMI ss278239231 May 04, 2012 (137)
36 GMI ss285153631 Apr 25, 2013 (138)
37 PJP ss293564868 May 09, 2011 (134)
38 ILLUMINA ss480719888 May 04, 2012 (137)
39 ILLUMINA ss481591584 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
40 EXOME_CHIP ss491365280 May 04, 2012 (137)
41 ILLUMINA ss537143321 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
42 TISHKOFF ss558314445 Apr 25, 2013 (138)
43 SSMP ss652168486 Apr 25, 2013 (138)
44 ILLUMINA ss778702266 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
45 ILLUMINA ss783979712 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
46 ILLUMINA ss832277246 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
47 ILLUMINA ss832931659 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
48 ILLUMINA ss834161257 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
49 EVA-GONL ss981430609 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
50 JMKIDD_LAB ss1072530279 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
51 1000GENOMES ss1314583227 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
52 HAMMER_LAB ss1397409775 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
53 DDI ss1430303046 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
54 EVA_GENOME_DK ss1581086780 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
55 EVA_DECODE ss1590953159 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
56 EVA_UK10K_ALSPAC ss1612627118 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
57 EVA_UK10K_TWINSUK ss1655621151 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
58 EVA_SVP ss1712755886 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
59 ILLUMINA ss1752572696 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
60 WEILL_CORNELL_DGM ss1924692390 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
61 GENOMED ss1970059621 Jul 19, 2016 (147)
62 JJLAB ss2022948879 Sep 14, 2016 (149)
63 ILLUMINA ss2094818060 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
64 ILLUMINA ss2095154160 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
65 USC_VALOUEV ss2151099562 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
66 HUMAN_LONGEVITY ss2272761110 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
67 ILLUMINA ss2634265915 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
68 ILLUMINA ss2634265916 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
69 ILLUMINA ss2634265917 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
70 ILLUMINA ss2635142580 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
71 GRF ss2706634628 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
72 GNOMAD ss2823087508 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
73 AFFY ss2985318722 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
74 AFFY ss2985949468 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
75 SWEGEN ss2996714489 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
76 ILLUMINA ss3022479791 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
77 BIOINF_KMB_FNS_UNIBA ss3025259937 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
78 CSHL ss3346328196 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
79 ILLUMINA ss3625870197 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
80 ILLUMINA ss3629211380 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
81 ILLUMINA ss3632193743 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
82 ILLUMINA ss3633370617 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
83 ILLUMINA ss3634091059 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
84 ILLUMINA ss3634997049 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
85 ILLUMINA ss3635773185 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
86 ILLUMINA ss3636707675 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
87 ILLUMINA ss3637525775 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
88 ILLUMINA ss3638547032 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
89 ILLUMINA ss3639276328 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
90 ILLUMINA ss3639935875 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
91 ILLUMINA ss3640704342 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
92 ILLUMINA ss3643493569 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
93 ILLUMINA ss3643981505 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
94 URBANLAB ss3648028575 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
95 ILLUMINA ss3652973292 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
96 ILLUMINA ss3654091905 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
97 EGCUT_WGS ss3664610964 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
98 EVA_DECODE ss3714441149 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
99 ILLUMINA ss3726224847 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
100 ACPOP ss3732244972 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
101 ILLUMINA ss3745297190 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
102 EVA ss3763276451 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
103 ILLUMINA ss3772791504 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
104 PACBIO ss3785077408 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
105 PACBIO ss3790489140 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
106 PACBIO ss3795365566 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
107 KHV_HUMAN_GENOMES ss3806451706 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
108 EVA ss3829184791 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
109 EVA ss3838060961 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
110 EVA ss3843500096 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
111 HGDP ss3847786885 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
112 SGDP_PRJ ss3861583161 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
113 KRGDB ss3908053167 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
114 EVA ss3984545328 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
115 EVA ss3985134232 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
116 EVA ss4017200975 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
117 VINODS ss4024245303 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
118 TOPMED ss4655432408 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
119 TOMMO_GENOMICS ss5171149110 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
120 EVA ss5237369614 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
121 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE ss5263485647 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
122 EVA ss5315044209 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
123 EVA ss5356746174 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
124 HUGCELL_USP ss5461765448 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
125 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE ss5546867679 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
126 SANFORD_IMAGENETICS ss5624586461 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
127 SANFORD_IMAGENETICS ss5637543303 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
128 TOMMO_GENOMICS ss5707032707 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
129 EVA ss5799645641 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
130 YY_MCH ss5806173382 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
131 EVA ss5834758449 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
132 EVA ss5847264436 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
133 EVA ss5848045601 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
134 EVA ss5854761734 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
135 EVA ss5893674770 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
136 EVA ss5965960245 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
137 EVA ss5979736175 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
138 1000Genomes NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
139 1000Genomes_30x NC_000005.10 - 33958854 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
140 The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
141 Genome-wide autozygosity in Daghestan NC_000005.8 - 33994716 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
142 Genetic variation in the Estonian population NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
143 The Danish reference pan genome NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
144 gnomAD - Genomes

Submission ignored due to conflicting rows:
Row 184857930 (NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A 98883/140110)
Row 184857931 (NC_000005.10:33958853:C:G 0/140140)

- Apr 26, 2021 (155)
145 gnomAD - Genomes

Submission ignored due to conflicting rows:
Row 184857930 (NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A 98883/140110)
Row 184857931 (NC_000005.10:33958853:C:G 0/140140)

- Apr 26, 2021 (155)
146 Genome of the Netherlands Release 5 NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
147 HGDP-CEPH-db Supplement 1 NC_000005.8 - 33994716 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
148 HapMap NC_000005.10 - 33958854 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
149 KOREAN population from KRGDB NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
150 Northern Sweden NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
151 Ancient Sardinia genome-wide 1240k capture data generation and analysis NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
152 CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
153 Qatari NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
154 SGDP_PRJ NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
155 Siberian NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
156 8.3KJPN NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
157 14KJPN NC_000005.10 - 33958854 Oct 13, 2022 (156)
158 TopMed NC_000005.10 - 33958854 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
159 UK 10K study - Twins NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
160 A Vietnamese Genetic Variation Database NC_000005.9 - 33958959 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
161 ALFA NC_000005.10 - 33958854 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
Help

History tab displays RefSNPs (Associated ID) from previous builds (Build) that now support the current RefSNP, and the dates, when the history was updated for each Associated ID (History Updated).

Associated ID History Updated (Build)
rs60042227 May 25, 2008 (130)
Added to this RefSNP Cluster:
Submission IDs Observation SPDI Canonical SPDI Source RSIDs
384855, 464777, ss93054684, ss108947802, ss111672265, ss162160816, ss164667187, ss200096212, ss206955688, ss253359509, ss278239231, ss285153631, ss293564868, ss1397409775, ss1590953159, ss1712755886, ss2635142580, ss3639276328, ss3639935875, ss3643493569, ss3643981505, ss3847786885 NC_000005.8:33994715:C:A NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A (self)
26165405, 14554564, 10349212, 7251719, 6466964, 15230561, 5529837, 360159, 94693, 6734320, 13600141, 3615916, 29118417, 14554564, 3235161, ss221616062, ss232898717, ss240082368, ss480719888, ss481591584, ss491365280, ss537143321, ss558314445, ss652168486, ss778702266, ss783979712, ss832277246, ss832931659, ss834161257, ss981430609, ss1072530279, ss1314583227, ss1430303046, ss1581086780, ss1612627118, ss1655621151, ss1752572696, ss1924692390, ss1970059621, ss2022948879, ss2094818060, ss2095154160, ss2151099562, ss2634265915, ss2634265916, ss2634265917, ss2706634628, ss2823087508, ss2985318722, ss2985949468, ss2996714489, ss3022479791, ss3346328196, ss3625870197, ss3629211380, ss3632193743, ss3633370617, ss3634091059, ss3634997049, ss3635773185, ss3636707675, ss3637525775, ss3638547032, ss3640704342, ss3652973292, ss3654091905, ss3664610964, ss3732244972, ss3745297190, ss3763276451, ss3772791504, ss3785077408, ss3790489140, ss3795365566, ss3829184791, ss3838060961, ss3861583161, ss3908053167, ss3984545328, ss3985134232, ss4017200975, ss5171149110, ss5237369614, ss5315044209, ss5356746174, ss5624586461, ss5637543303, ss5799645641, ss5834758449, ss5847264436, ss5848045601, ss5965960245, ss5979736175 NC_000005.9:33958958:C:A NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A (self)
34393614, 2842897, 40869811, 492809965, 4898676837, ss2272761110, ss3025259937, ss3648028575, ss3714441149, ss3726224847, ss3806451706, ss3843500096, ss4655432408, ss5263485647, ss5461765448, ss5546867679, ss5707032707, ss5806173382, ss5854761734, ss5893674770 NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A (self)
ss22361085 NT_006576.14:16411064:C:A NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A (self)
ss37530, ss38841, ss1181829, ss1473662, ss1581083, ss3576398, ss44639742, ss67280613, ss67682641, ss68214300, ss70759129, ss71332708, ss75869807, ss83353914, ss98610242, ss104184542, ss143019570, ss154243254, ss155279569, ss159420009, ss160594287, ss173519735 NT_006576.16:33948958:C:A NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A (self)
ss4024245303 NT_187551.1:160175:C:A NC_000005.10:33958853:C:A (self)
4898676837 NC_000005.10:33958853:C:G NC_000005.10:33958853:C:G (self)
Help

Publications tab displays PubMed articles citing the variation as a listing of PMID, Title, Author, Year, Journal, ordered by Year, descending.

17 citations for rs28777
PMID Title Author Year Journal
18483556 A genome-wide association study identifies novel alleles associated with hair color and skin pigmentation. Han J et al. 2008 PLoS genetics
19340012 Genome-wide association study of tanning phenotype in a population of European ancestry. Nan H et al. 2009 The Journal of investigative dermatology
19710684 Multiple pigmentation gene polymorphisms account for a substantial proportion of risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Duffy DL et al. 2010 The Journal of investigative dermatology
20546537 Genome-wide association studies of pigmentation and skin cancer: a review and meta-analysis. Gerstenblith MR et al. 2010 Pigment cell & melanoma research
21197618 Model-based prediction of human hair color using DNA variants. Branicki W et al. 2011 Human genetics
21253569 Genome-wide association study SNPs in the human genome diversity project populations: does selection affect unlinked SNPs with shared trait associations? Casto AM et al. 2011 PLoS genetics
21533023 Adaptations to climate-mediated selective pressures in humans. Hancock AM et al. 2011 PLoS genetics
21559390 A customized pigmentation SNP array identifies a novel SNP associated with melanoma predisposition in the SLC45A2 gene. Ibarrola-Villava M et al. 2011 PloS one
21926416 Genome-wide association study identifies novel loci predisposing to cutaneous melanoma. Amos CI et al. 2011 Human molecular genetics
23110848 Human pigmentation genes under environmental selection. Sturm RA et al. 2012 Genome biology
23543094 Testing for associations between loci and environmental gradients using latent factor mixed models. Frichot E et al. 2013 Molecular biology and evolution
26547235 Crowdsourced direct-to-consumer genomic analysis of a family quartet. Corpas M et al. 2015 BMC genomics
26921301 Latitudinal Clines of the Human Vitamin D Receptor and Skin Color Genes. Tiosano D et al. 2016 G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
26938746 Pigmentary Markers in Danes--Associations with Quantitative Skin Colour, Nevi Count, Familial Atypical Multiple-Mole, and Melanoma Syndrome. Johansen P et al. 2016 PloS one
29518100 Associations between sun sensitive pigmentary genes and serum prostate specific antigen levels. Nair-Shalliker V et al. 2018 PloS one
34238381 Association of pigmentation related-genes polymorphisms and geographic environmental variables in the Chinese population. Wang Y et al. 2021 Hereditas
35176104 Unveiling forensically relevant biogeographic, phenotype and Y-chromosome SNP variation in Pakistani ethnic groups using a customized hybridisation enrichment forensic intelligence panel. Rauf S et al. 2022 PloS one
Help

The Flanks tab provides retrieving flanking sequences of a SNP on all molecules that have placements.

Genome context:
Select flank length:

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
Top Help

NCBI Graphical Sequence Viewer display of the genomic region, transcripts and protein products for the reported RefSNP (rs).
Use the zoom option to view the nucleotides around the RefSNP and find other neighboring RefSNPs.
Visit Sequence Viewer for help with navigating inside the display and modifying the selection of displayed data tracks.

Software version is: 2.0.1.post761+d5e8e07