Entry Name Platelet activation - Bos taurus (cow)
Description Platelets play a key and beneficial role for primary hemostasis on the disruption of the integrity of vessel wall. Platelet adhesion and activation at sites of vascular wall injury is initiated by adhesion to adhesive macromolecules, such as collagen and von Willebrand factor (vWF), or by soluble platelet agonists, such as ADP, thrombin, and thromboxane A2. Different receptors are stimulated by various agonists, almost converging in increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration that stimulate platelet shape change and granule secretion and ultimately induce the "inside-out" signaling process leading to activation of the ligand-binding function of integrin alpha IIb beta 3. Binding of alpha IIb beta 3 to its ligands, mainly fibrinogen, mediates platelet adhesion and aggregation and triggers "outside-in" signaling, resulting in platelet spreading, additional granule secretion, stabilization of platelet adhesion and aggregation, and clot retraction.
Class Organismal Systems; Immune systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Bos taurus (cow) [GN:
bta ]
Gene 281790 GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
281791 GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
281793 GNAS; SCG6 (secretogranin VI) isoform SCG6 precursor [KO:K04632 ]
281878 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959 ]
281879 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960 ]
281985 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
282187 COL1A1; collagen alpha-1(I) chain precursor [KO:K06236 ]
282188 COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain precursor [KO:K06236 ]
282226 FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma precursor [KO:K07983 ]
282306 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
282307 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649 ]
282308 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
282318 PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
286865 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
287026 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
317697 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958 ]
503575 ARHGEF12; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 [KO:K07532 ]
504531 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
504977 GP1BA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain [KO:K06261 ]
505611 GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639 ]
507309 VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512 ]
508888 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
510833 COL3A1; collagen alpha-1(III) chain precursor [KO:K19720 ]
513377 ARHGEF1; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12330 ]
514902 VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein [KO:K06274 ]
515621 PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K21290 ]
515669 PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
516175 PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
517688 ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 [KO:K16056 ]
517948 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
522423 SNAP23; synaptosomal-associated protein 23 [KO:K08508 ]
526585 F2R; proteinase-activated receptor 1 precursor [KO:K03914 ]
530001 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
531505 MYL12A; myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 [KO:K12757 ]
532272 ADAMTS13; A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13 [KO:K08627 ] [EC:3.4.24.87 ]
533670 APBB1IP; amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1-interacting protein [KO:K17704 ]
534816 STIM1; stromal interaction molecule 1 precursor [KO:K16059 ]
536654 GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
538606 PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A [KO:K06270 ]
538829 PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
538963 F2RL3; proteinase-activated receptor 4 precursor [KO:K04236 ]
539521 GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630 ]
540310 ARHGAP35; rho GTPase-activating protein 35 [KO:K05732 ]
614055 MYL12B; myosin regulatory light chain 12B [KO:K12757 ]
614838 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X3 [KO:K21290 ]
782652 FCGR2A; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a [KO:K06472 ]
Compound C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Li Z, Delaney MK, O'Brien KA, Du X
Title Signaling during platelet adhesion and activation.
Journal Reference Authors Broos K, De Meyer SF, Feys HB, Vanhoorelbeke K, Deckmyn H
Title Blood platelet biochemistry.
Journal Reference Authors Jurk K, Kehrel BE
Title Platelets: physiology and biochemistry.
Journal Reference Authors Offermanns S
Title Activation of platelet function through G protein-coupled receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Varga-Szabo D, Pleines I, Nieswandt B
Title Cell adhesion mechanisms in platelets.
Journal Reference Authors Yin H, Liu J, Li Z, Berndt MC, Lowell CA, Du X
Title Src family tyrosine kinase Lyn mediates VWF/GPIb-IX-induced platelet activation via the cGMP signaling pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Bergmeier W, Stefanini L
Title Novel molecules in calcium signaling in platelets.
Journal Reference Authors Cifuni SM, Wagner DD, Bergmeier W
Title CalDAG-GEFI and protein kinase C represent alternative pathways leading to activation of integrin alphaIIbbeta3 in platelets.
Journal Reference Authors Heemskerk JW, Mattheij NJ, Cosemans JM
Title Platelet-based coagulation: different populations, different functions.
Journal Reference Authors Rivera J, Lozano ML, Navarro-Nunez L, Vicente V
Title Platelet receptors and signaling in the dynamics of thrombus formation.
Journal Reference Authors Banno A, Ginsberg MH
Title Integrin activation.
Journal Reference Authors Angiolillo DJ, Ferreiro JL
Title Platelet adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptor antagonism: benefits and limitations of current treatment strategies and future directions.
Journal Reference Authors Joo SJ
Title Mechanisms of Platelet Activation and Integrin alphaIIbeta3.
Journal Reference Authors Harper MT, Poole AW
Title Diverse functions of protein kinase C isoforms in platelet activation and thrombus formation.
Journal Reference Authors Fitch-Tewfik JL, Flaumenhaft R
Title Platelet granule exocytosis: a comparison with chromaffin cells.
Journal Reference Authors Boylan B, Gao C, Rathore V, Gill JC, Newman DK, Newman PJ
Title Identification of FcgammaRIIa as the ITAM-bearing receptor mediating alphaIIbbeta3 outside-in integrin signaling in human platelets.
Journal Related bta04610 Complement and coagulation cascades
KO pathway 
